The Effect of Vancomycin and Silver Combination on the Duration of Antibacterial Activity of Bone Cement and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusBiofilm Formation

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Background.Local prevention of periprosthetic infection and treatment of infectious complications after various joints arthroplasties includes the use of polymethylmethacrylate-based spacers impregnated with antimicrobial agents. At the same time, the added components are able to change the bone cement characteristics and have variable antimicrobial effect duration. The aim of the studywas to evaluate the duration of antimicrobial activity and the effect on the MRSA ATCC 43300 biofilm formation on bone cement samples with gentamycin impregnated with vancomycin and/or highly dispersed silver.

Materials and Methods.Samples were made from bone cement DePuy CMW 1 Gentamicin and mixed with vancomycin and/or highly dispersed silver. The elemental composition was studied by scanning electron microscopy and  micro-x-ray  spectral  analysis.  The  study  of  the  antimicrobial  activity  duration  was  performed  by  daily  applying an  incubation  solution  with  samples  to  the  bacterial  lawn  surface.  The  effect  on  biofilm  formation  was  evaluated  by immersing the test samples in LB-broth with MRSA.

Results.The control samples did not have antimicrobial activity (AMA) against MRSA ATCC 43300. Test samples, additionally containing 10 wt.% of vancomycin was effective for 9 days. When adding highly dispersed silver, the lengthening of the samples activity time was recorded. So, when applying 2.5 wt.% of highly dispersed silver, the duration of AMA was 21 days, and when increased to 10 wt.% — 34 days. Energydispersion analysis of the sample surface with 10 wt.% of vancomycin and highly dispersed silver showed that the skeletal structure type contains matrix component based on barium sulfate with silver inclusions. During the study of the samples effect  on  a  typical  strain  biofilm  formation,  no  statistically  significant  differences  were  found  between  the  optical density of gentian violet extracts in the negative control and in the medium with MRSA.

Conclusion. The vancomycin with highly dispersed silver combination prolonged the antimicrobial activity of the samples against MRSA ATCC 43300 and effectively prevented the formation of microbial biofilms on its surface. Despite the fact that the conditions of the conducted experiment in vitro are not identical to the conditions of bone cement antimicrobial spacers clinical use, our results indicate the need to use spacers with a known duration of antimicrobial activity and to comply with the terms of temporary structures replacement.

作者简介

S. Bozhkova

Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics

Email: clinpharm-rniito@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2083-2424

Svetlana A. Bozhkova — Dr. Sci. (Med.)

St. Petersburg

E. Gordina

Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: kate_alex.07@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2326-7413

Ekaterina  M.  Gordina —  Cand.  Sci.  (Med.

St. Petersburg

俄罗斯联邦

M. Markov

Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology

Email: barca0688@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3196-7535

Mikhail A. Markov— Cand. Sci. (Tech.)

St. Petersburg

A. Afanasyev

Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics

Email: avafanasev@rniito.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3097-7846

Alexander  V.  Afanas’ev 

St. Petersburg

 

V. Artyukh

Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics

Email: artyukhva@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5087-6081

Vasilii A. Artyukh—  Cand.  Sci.  (Med.)

St. Petersburg

K. Malafeev

Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University

Email: kostya_malafeev@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8540-8608

Konstantin V. Malafeev

St. Petersburg

E. Ivan’kova

Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University; Institute Of Macromolecular Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: fake@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4823-0695

Elena M. Ivan’kova — Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.)

 
St. Petersburg

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