ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF EFFICACY OF CONGENITAL CLUBFOOT SURGICAL TREATMENT

Purpose - a complex assessment of the neuromuscular apparatus in different age groups of children with congenital clubfoot before and after surgery. Material and methods. The study included 80 patients (23 girls and 57 boys) with moderate and severe congenital clubfoot between the ages of 0 to 18 years. In 46% of patients a bilateral lesion was noted, in 54% - unilateral. All patients who received surgical treatment tendon-muscle plasty by the Sturm-Zatsepin method, modified in the Turner Institute, were carried out. Long-term results of surgical treatment were investigated in terms of 1 to 5 years. Neurophysiological studies were carried out on a multi-channel computer complex "Neuro-MEP-4" (Russia). Contractive ability of the tibial, peroneal, and gastrocnemius muscles of lower leg was assessed by global electromyography (EMG) for the affected and healthy sides. In order to receive the normal age indexes of electrogenesis the identical study was conducted in 30 subjects in each age group without pathology of the lower extremities. Results. Significant abnormalities of the functional state of the neuro-muscular system in shin were revealed in patients with congenital clubfoot. The analysis of the EMG results in patients admitted for conservative treatment (group 1) showed that in unilateral disease there is a decrease of electrical activity of leg muscles on the affected side. If bilateral symmetrical lesions observed decreasing of muscle electrogenesis were noted compared with the age norm. There are quantitative and qualitative changes in electrogenesis, which are characterized by secondary changes in the muscles on the background of segmental abnormalities. After surgical intervention in patients 0-3 years the positive dynamics of the neuro-muscular functional state of the shin was achieved, which allows to recommend surgical treatment of congenital clubfoot in children in age till three years. Revealed violations of the conductivity on the peroneal nerve motor fibers in children with congenital clubfoot require constant neurological monitoring before and after surgery.

врожденная косолапость, нервно-мышечный аппарат, элекрофизиологическое исследование, congenital clubfoot, neuro-muscular system, electrophysiological study