Bioactivity Experimental Studies of Composite Materials Promising for Use in Traumatology and Orthopedics: Review

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Abstract

The aim of the study — to determine the properties of modern bioactive composite materials that have the greatest advantage for use in traumatology and orthopedics, particularly in spine surgery.

Material and Methods. We performed a comprehensive literature search using PubMed, Medline, eLIBRARY and Semantic Scholar. The keywords “implants”, “biomaterials”, “composites”, “tissue engineering”, “scaffolds”, “graphene”, “hydrogels”, “3D bioprinting” were used to identify papers examining the topic of interest. We included comparative studies published from 2010 to 2020 in our review. The following properties were evaluated in papers: biotolerance, bioactivity, osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, osteostimulation, mechanical strength.

Results. Special attention is paid to the creation of composites. Composites are made by combining two or more materials to achieve biochemical and biomechanical properties. In composites production, a certain place is occupied by the technology of 3D bioprinting, thanks to which it is possible to develop an individual implant according to a given situation.

Conclusion. The combination of composite materials properties indicating on their bioactivity and mechanical strength, as well as the use of 3D techniques to design the geometric forms of implants, provide a high potential for use in traumatology and orthopedics, particularly in spinal surgery.

About the authors

V. V. Rerikh

Tsivyan Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics; Novosibirsk State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: clinic@niito.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8545-0024

Victor V. Rerikh — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Research Department of Spinal Pathology; Professor, Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics

Novosibirsk

Russian Federation

V. D. Sinyavin

Tsivyan Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics

Email: Dr.VladimirSinyavin@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5237-6403

Vladimir D. Sinyavin — PhD Student

Novosibirsk

Russian Federation

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