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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">429</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21823/2311-2905-2011-0-2-93-100</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Theoretical and experimental studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Теоретические и экспериментальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Theoretical and experimental studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">HIERARCHIC SKELETAL ORGANIZATION – A FACTOR REGULATING THE STRUCTURE OF FATIGUE INJURIES. PART III. MODELING THE INITIAL STAGE OF THEIR DEVELOPMENT</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ИЕРАРХИЧЕСКАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ СКЕЛЕТА – ФАКТОР, РЕГЛАМЕНТИРУЮЩИЙ СТРУКТУРУ УСТАЛОСТНЫХ ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЙ. ЧАСТЬ III. МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ НАЧАЛЬНОГО ЭТАПА РАЗВИТИЯ УСТАЛОСТНЫХ ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЙ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Avrunin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аврунин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., старший научный сотрудник отделения диагностики заболеваний и повреждений ОДС</p></bio><email>journal@rniito.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhilov</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихилов</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, директор</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Parshin</surname><given-names>I. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паршин</surname><given-names>Л. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., доцент кафедры сопротивления материалов</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnikov</surname><given-names>B. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельников</surname><given-names>Б. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой сопротивления материалов</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГУ «Российский научно-исследовательский институт травматологии и ортопедии им. Р. Р. Вредена» Минздравсоцразвития России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Кафедра сопротивления материалов СПб государственного политехнического университета</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2011-06-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>93</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-11-07"><day>07</day><month>11</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2016-11-07"><day>07</day><month>11</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/429">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/429</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authors describe general conditions of fatique injuries (FI) initiation and development, and discuss the conformity between hierarchic skeletal organization levels and spatial differentiation of the initial FI types – local discrete and local meshlike. The former includes “sacrificial bonds” disruption, shearing along the hydrate level of inter-crystalline complexes, destruction of bonds between crystalline complexes. This lesion type may go through a process of self-remedying after annihilation of forces and spatial approximation of the involved structures. The local mesh-like FI type is characterized by destruction of the majority of adjacent structures and spatial unification of injuries (structural “loosening”). This type of lesion increasing in its dimensions creates discrepancy areas within itself forming the basis for fissure formation. This structural state of a fatigue injury is considered as intermediate between a diffuse lesion and a crack.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В работе выделены общие условия возникновения и развития усталостных повреждений (УП) и определено соответствие уровней иерархической организации скелета пространственной дифференцировке начальных типов УП – локально-дискретным и локально-сетевым. К первым относятся разрывы «жертвенных связей», срез по гидратному слою межкристаллитных соединений, разрушение перемычек между объединениями кристаллитов. Эти повреждения могут самовосстанавливаться после прекращения действия нагрузок и пространственного сближения поврежденных структур. Локально-сетевой тип УП характеризуется разрушением большинства расположенных рядом структур и пространственным объединением повреждений (структурное «разрыхление»). Подобный тип повреждения, увеличиваясь в размерах, создает участки неоднородности внутри себя, что является основой для формирования трещин. Это структурное состояние зоны усталостного повреждения авторы рассматривают как промежуточное между диффузным повреждением и трещинами.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fatigue injuries of bones</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>усталостные повреждения кости</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Аврунин, А.С. 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