<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">3189</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/2311-2905-3189</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Clinical studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Anterior Dynamic Versus Posterior Transpedicular Spinal Fusion for Lenke Type 5 Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Comparison of Long-term Results</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вентральная динамическая или дорсальная транспедикулярная коррекция и фиксация при хирургическом лечении идиопатического сколиоза типа Lenke 5:сравнение отдаленных результатов</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Anterior Dynamic Versus Posterior Transpedicular Spinal Fusion for Lenke Type 5 Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Comparison of Long-term Results</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6895-8288</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57203843757</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8164-1389</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pereverzev</surname><given-names>Vladimir S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Переверзев</surname><given-names>Владимир Сергеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Pereverzev</surname><given-names>Vladimir S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, врач травматолог-ортопед отделения патологии позвоночника</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><email>vcpereverz@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4252-1854</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57204112376</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1989-6994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesov</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесов</surname><given-names>Сергей Васильевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kolesov</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, врач травматолог-ортопед, заведующий отделением патологии позвоночника</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><email>dr-Kolesov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2330-0172</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57188866207</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4944-4173</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazmin</surname><given-names>Arkadii I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казьмин</surname><given-names>Аркадий Иванович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kazmin</surname><given-names>Arkadii I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><email>kazmin.cito@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4504-6902</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>Natalia S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозова</surname><given-names>Наталия Сергеевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>Natalia S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><email>morozcito@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8884-2410</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvets</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швец</surname><given-names>Владимир Викторович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Shvets</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><email>vshvetcv@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics named after N.N. Priorov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии им. Н.Н. Приорова», Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics named after N.N. Priorov</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-05-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-06-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-01-30"><day>30</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-04-11"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2023,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/3189">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/3189</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>Background</italic></bold><bold><italic>.</italic></bold> Despite the active implementation of dynamic correction in case of idiopathic scoliosis, there are no comparative studies of results of posterior and anterior dynamic correction in patients with completed and near-completed growth.</p> <p><bold><italic>Aim</italic></bold> <bold><italic>of</italic></bold> <bold><italic>the</italic></bold> <bold><italic>study</italic></bold><italic> —</italic> to compare clinical and radiological results of anterior dynamic correction and conventional posterior transpedicular correction of Lenke type 5 scoliotic defonnities in patients with completed or near-completed growth.</p> <p><bold><italic>Methods</italic></bold><bold><italic>.</italic></bold> Eighty-six patients with Lenke type 5 scoliotic deformities were enrolled in the study. The first group (54 patients) underwent deformity correction via posterior approach using a rigid transpedicular system; the second group (32 patients) — using dynamic correction system. Mean patients’ age was 22.6±12.8 and 27.3±10.9 years, respectively. We studied radiological data before surgery, immediately after surgery, and 2 or more years after surgery. Blood loss volume, duration of hospital stay, and duration of narcotic analgesics intake in the early postoperative period were analyzed. Functional results were assessed using SRS-22 questionnaire.</p> <p><bold><italic>Results</italic></bold><bold><italic>.</italic></bold> Preoperative Cobb angle in the first group was 65.5°, and 27.5° at the long-term follow-up. Junctional kyphosis of T10-L2 before surgery was 21.0° and 13.2° at the long-term follow-up. Preoperative Cobb angle of the initial curve in the second group was 52.5° and 24.5° at the long-term follow-up. Junctional kyphosis of T10-L2 before surgery was 19.5°, and 19.0° at the long-term follow-up. Nash and Moe apical vertebral rotation in the first group before surgery was 1.62 and 0.17 at the last follow-up; in the second group, it was 1.80 and 0.81, respectively. Mean number of fixed levels was 6.4±1.0 in the first group and 5.6±1.5 in the second group. Mobility of the thoracolumbar/lumbai curve was higher in the second group, 28.2±9.1°, compared with 36.0 ± 7.2° in the first group. Preoperatively, lumbar lordosis in the second group was 42.5°, in the long-tenn period — 43.5°, and in the first group — 43.4° and 44.3°, respectively.</p> <p><bold><italic>Conclusion</italic></bold><bold><italic>.</italic></bold> Both posterior rigid and anterior dynamic correction in case of Lenke type 5 idiopathic scoliosis can provide satisfactory radiological results with initially similar thoracolumbar deformities in patients with completed or nearcompleted growth. However, dynamic approach can reduce blood loss, duration of hospital stay, duration of narcotic analgesics intake after surgery, and improve quality of life in the long-term period.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Актуальность.</italic></bold> Несмотря на активное внедрение динамической коррекции при идиопатическом сколиозе, отсутствуют сравнительные исследования результатов дорсальной и вентральной динамической коррекции у пациентов с завершенным и завершающимся ростом.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель исследования</italic></bold><italic> —</italic> сравнить клинические и рентгенологические результаты вентральной динамической коррекции и традиционной дорсальной транспедикулярной коррекции сколиотических деформаций типа Lenke 5 у пациентов с завершенным или завершающимся ростом.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материал и методы.</italic></bold> В исследование было включено 86 пациентов со сколиотическими деформациями типа Lenke 5. В первой группе (54 пациента) выполняли коррекцию деформации из дорсального доступа с использованием ригидной транспедикулярной системы, во второй группе (32 пациента) — с применением системы для динамической коррекции. Средний возраст пациентов составил 22,6±12,8 и 27,3±10,9 лет соответственно. Изучали рентгенологические данные до операции, сразу после операции и через 2 и более года после операции. Анализировали объем кровопотери, сроки пребывания в стационаре, длительность приема наркотических анальгетиков в раннем послеоперационном периоде. Функциональные результаты оценивали с использованием опросника SRS-22.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты.</italic></bold> В первой группе угол Кобба до операции составил 65,5°, при отдаленном наблюдении — 27,5°. Переходный кифоз Th10-L2 до операции составил 21,0°, при отдаленном наблюдении — 13,2°. Предоперационный угол Кобба основной дуги во второй группе 52,5°, а в отдаленные сроки — 24,5°. Переходный кифоз Th10-L2 до операции — 19,5°, в отдаленные сроки — 19,0°. Ротация апикального позвонка по Nash — Мое в первой группе до операции составила 1,62, при последнем осмотре — 0,17, во второй группе — 1,80 и 0,81 соответственно. Среднее количество фиксированных уровней составило в первой группе — 6,4±1,0, во второй — 5,6±1,5. Мобильность грудо-поясничной/поясничной дуги была выше во второй группе — 28,2±9,1° по сравнению с первой группой — с 36,0±7,2°. До операции поясничный лордоз у пациентов второй группы составил 42,5°, в отдаленные сроки — 43,5°, у пациентов первой группы — 43,4° и 44,3° соответственно.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic></bold> Как задняя ригидная, так и вентральная динамическая коррекция при идиопатическом сколиозе Lenke 5 могут обеспечить удовлетворительный рентгенологический результат при изначально схожей величине грудопоясничных деформаций у пациентов с завершенным или завершающимся ростом. Однако динамический подход позволяет сократить объем кровопотери, срок пребывания в стационаре, длительность приема наркотических анальгетиков после операции, а также улучшить качество жизни в отдаленном периоде.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lumbar scoliosis</kwd><kwd>spinal fusion</kwd><kwd>Lenke type 5</kwd><kwd>anterior dynamic fusion</kwd><kwd>transpedicular fusion</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>поясничный сколиоз</kwd><kwd>коррекция сколиоза</kwd><kwd>Lenke 5</kwd><kwd>вентральная динамическая коррекция</kwd><kwd>транспедикулярная фиксация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Lonner B.S., Ren Y., Bess S., Kelly M., Kim H.J., Yaszay B. et al. Surgery for the Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients After Skeletal Maturity: Early Versus Late Surgery. Spine Deform. 2019;7(l):84-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jspd.2018.05.012.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Bridwell K.H., Shufflebarger H.L., Lenke L.G., Lowe T.G., Betz R.R., Bassett G.S. Parents’ and patients’ preferences and concerns in idiopathic adolescent scoliosis: a cross-sectional preoperative analysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000;25(18):2392-2399. doi: 10.1097/00007632-200009150-00020.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Hirase T., Ling J.F., Haghshenas V., Thirumavalavan J., Dong D., Hanson D.S. et al. Anterior versus posterior spinal fusion for Lenke type 5 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies. Spine Deform. 2022;10(2):267-281. doi: 10.1007/s43390-021-00436-x.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Ogura Y., Okada E., Fujii T., Yagi M., Fujita N., Suzuki S. et al. Midterm surgical outcomes of a short fusion strategy for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with Lenke 5C curve. Spine J. 2020;20(3):361-368. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2019.09.010.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Zhuang O., Zhang J., Wang S., Yang Y., Lin G. How to select the lowest instrumented vertebra in Lenke type 5 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients? Spine J. 2021;21(l):141-149. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2020.08.006.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Antonacci C., Antonacci M., Bassett W., Cuddihy L., Haas A., Cerrone J. et al. Treatment of Mature/ Maturing Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (Sanders &gt;5) Usinga Unique Anterior Scoliosis Correction Technique. Med Res Arch. 2021;9(12). Available from: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v9il2.2632</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Lenke L.G. Lenke classification system of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: treatment recommendations. Instr Course Lect. 2005;54:537-542.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Barr S.J., Schuette A.M., Emans J.B. Lumbarpedicle screws versus hooks. Results in double major curves in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1997;22(12):1369-1379.doi : 10.1097/00007632-199706150-00016.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Di Silvestre M., Bakaloudis G., Lolli F., Vonunaro F., Martikos K., Parisini P. Posterior fusion only for thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis of more than 80 degrees: pedicle screws versus hybrid instrumentation. Eur Spine J. 2008; 17(10):1336-1349. doi: 10.1007/S00586-008-0731-9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Kim Y.J., Lenke L.G., Cho S.K., Bridwell K.H., Sides B., Blanke K. Comparative analysis of pedicle screw versus hook instrumentation in posterior spinal fusion of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2004;29(18):2040-2048. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000138268.12324.1a.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Нее H.T., Yu Z.R., Wong H.K. Comparison of segmental pedicle screw instrumentation versus anterior instrumentation in adolescent idiopathic thoracolumbar and lumbar scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2007;32(14):1533-1542. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e318067dc3d.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>O’Donnell C., Michael N., Pan X., Emans J., Garg S., Erickson M. Anterior Spinal Fusion and Posterior Spinal Fusion Both Effectively Treat Lenke Type 5 Curves in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Multicenter Study. Spine Deform. 2018;6(3):231-240. doi: 10.1016/j.jspd.2017.09.054.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Ergene G. Early-term postoperative thoracic outcomes of videothoracoscopic vertebral body tethering surgery. Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Derg. 2019;27(4):526-531. doi: 10.5606/tgkdc.dergisi.2019.17889.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Samdani A.F., Ames R.J., Kimball J.S., Pahys J.M., Grewal H., Pelletier G.J. et al. Anterior vertebral body tethering for immature adolescent idiopathic scoliosis : one-year results on the first 32 patients. Eur Spine J. 2015;24(7):1533-1539. doi: 10.1007/s00586-014-3706-z.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Newton P.O., Kluck D.G., Saito W., Yaszay B., Bartley C.E., Bastrom T.P. Anterior Spinal Growth Tethering for Skeletally Immature Patients with Scoliosis: A Retrospective Look Two to Four Years Postoperatively. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2018; 100(19):1691-1697. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.18.00287.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Колесов C.B., Переверзев B.C., Пантелеев A.A., Швец В.В., Горбатюк Д.С. Первый опыт вентральной динамической коррекции сколиозов у подростков с законченным ростом и взрослых: хирургическая техника и ближайшие результаты. Хирургия позвоночника. 2021; 18(3):19-29. doi: 10.14531/ss2021.3.19-29. Kolesov S.V., Pereverzev V.S., Panteleyev A.A., Shvets V.V., Gorbatyuk D.S. The first experience of anterior dynamic correction of scoliosis in adolescents with complete growth and adults: surgical technique and immediate results. Spine Surgery. 2021;18(3):19-29. (In Russian), doi: 10.14531/ss2021.3.19-29.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Nicolini L.F., Kobbe P., Seggewiβ J., Greven J., Ribeiro M., Beckmann A. et al. Motion preservation surgery for scoliosis with a vertebral body tethering system: a biomechanical study. Eur Spine J. 2022;31(4): 1013-1021. doi: 10.1007/s00586-021-07035-4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Baroncini A., Trobisch P.D., Berrer A., Kobbe P., Tingart M., Eschweiler J. et al. Return to sport and daily life activities after vertebral body tethering for AIS: analysis of the sport activity questionnaire. Eur Spine J. 2021;30(7):1998-2006. doi: 10.1007/s00586-021-06768-6.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Nash C.L. Jr., Moe J.H. A study of vertebral rotation. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1969;51(2):223-229.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Pehlivanoglu T., Oltulu L, Erdag Y., Akturk U.D., Korkmaz E., Yildirim E. et al. Comparison of clinical and functional outcomes of vertebral body tethering to posterior spinal fusion in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and evaluation of quality of life: preliminary results. Spine Deform. 2021;9(4):1175-1182. doi: 10.1007/S43390-021-00323-5.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Михайловский M.B., Васюра A.C., Новиков В.В., Сарнадский В.Н., Губина Е.В., Чернядьева М.А. Хирургическая коррекция идиопатического сколиоза у взрослых больных молодого и среднего возраста. Хирургия позвоночника. 2018;15(3):52-60. doi: 10.14531/SS2018.3.52-60. Mikhaylovskiy M.V., Vasyura A.S., Novikov V.V., Samadsky V.N., Gubina E.V., Chemyadjeva M.A. Surgical correction of adult idiopathic scoliosis in patients of young and middle age. Spine Surgery. 2018;15(3):52-60. (In Russian), doi: 10.14531/ss2018.3.52-60.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Кокушин Д.Н., Хусаинов H.O. Аспекты применения вентральной динамической коррекции при хирургическом лечении пациентов с идиопатическим сколиозом. Международный журнал прикладных и фундаментальных исследований. 2О21;(12):51-55. doi: 10.17513/mjpfi. 13329. Kokushin D.N., Khusainov N.O. Aspects of the use of ventral dynamic correction in the surgical treatment of patients with idiopathic scoliosis. Mezhdunarodnyi zhurnal prikladnykh i fundamental’nykh issledovanii. 2O21;(12):51-55. (In Russian). Available from: https:// applied-research.ru/ru/article/view?id=13329. doi: 10.17513/mjpfi.13329.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Колесов C.B., Кудряков C.A., Шавырин И.А. Хирургическая коррекция грудного сколиоза из вентрального и дорсального доступов. Хирургия позвоночника. 2013;(2):14-22. Kolesov S.V., Kudryakov S.A., Shavyrin LA. Surgical Correction of Thoracic Scoliosis through Anterior and Posterior Approaches. Spine surgery. 2013;(2):14-22. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Abel M.F., Singla A., Feger M.A., Sauer L.D., Novicoff W. Surgical treatment of Lenke 5 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Comparison of anterior vs posterior approach. World J Orthop. 2016;7(9):553-60. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v7.i9.553.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Satake K., Lenke L.G., Kim Y.J., Bridwell K.H., Blanke K.M., Sides B. et al. Analysis of the lowest instrumented vertebra following anterior spinal fusion of thoracolumbar/lumbar adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: can we predict postoperative disc wedging? Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005;30(4):418-26. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000153342.89478.d2.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Wang Y, Biinger C.E., Zhang Y, Wu C., Li H, Dahl B. et al. Lowest instrumented vertebra selection for Lenke 5C scoliosis: a minimum 2-year radiographical follow-up. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2013; 38(14):E894-900. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31829537be.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Trobisch P.D., Baroncini A. Preliminary outcomes after vertebral body tethering (VBT) for lumbar curves and subanalysis of a 1- versus 2-tether construct. Ear Spine J. 2021;30(12):3570-3576. doi: 10.1007/S00586-021-07009-6.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Yucekul A., Akpunarli B., Durbas A., Zulemyan T., Havlucu L, Ergene G. et al. Does vertebral body tethering cause disc and facet joint degeneration? A preliminary MRI study with minimum two years follow-up. Spine /. 2021;21(ll):1793-1801. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2021.05.020.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Roussouly P., Pinheiro-Franco J.L. Biomechanical analysis of the spino-pelvic organization and adaptation in pathology. Eur Spine J. 2011; 20 Suppl 5(Suppl 5):609-618. doi: 10.1007/S00586-011-1928-X.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Tao F., Wang Z., Li M., Pan F., Shi Z., Zhang Y. et al. A comparison of anterior and posterior instrumentation for restoring and retaining sagittal balance in patients with idiopathic adolescent scoliosis. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2012;25(6):303-308.doi:10.1097/BSD.0b013e3182204c3e.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Kelly D.M., McCarthy R.E., McCullough F.L., Kelly H.R. Long-term outcomes of anterior spinal fusion with instrumentation for thoracolumbar and lumbar curves in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010;35(2):194-198. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181bc948e.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Otani K., Saito M., Sibasaki K. Anterior instrumentation in idiopathic scoliosis: a minimum follow-up of 10 years. IntOrthop. 1997;21(l):4-8. doi: 10.1007/s002640050108.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Tao F., Wang Z., Li M., Pan F., Shi Z., Zhang Y. et al. A comparison of anterior and posterior instrumentation for restoring and retaining sagittal balance in patients with idiopathic adolescent scoliosis. J. Spinal Disord Tech. 2012;25(6):303-308. doi: 10.1097/BSD.0b013e3182204c3e.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Dong Y, Weng X., Zhao FL, Zhang J., Shen J., Qiu G. Lenke 5C Curves in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Anterior vs Posterior Selective Fusion. Neurosurgery. 2016;78(3):324-331.doi: 10.1227/NEU.0000000000001055.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
