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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2534</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/2311-2905-2534</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Theoretical and experimental studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Теоретические и экспериментальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Theoretical and experimental studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Structural Reorganization of the Third Metatarsal Bone Shaft After Autogenous Plasty of the Tibial Portion of the Sciatic Nerve</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Структурная реорганизация диафиза III плюсневой кости после аутогенной пластики большеберцовой порции седалищного нерва</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9914-8563</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchudlo</surname><given-names>Nathalia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щудло</surname><given-names>Наталья Анатольевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук</p></bio><email>nshchudlo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3434-0372</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stupina</surname><given-names>Tatyana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ступина</surname><given-names>Татьяна Анатольевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biol.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории морфологии</p></bio><email>StupinaSTA@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5430-2045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Varsegova</surname><given-names>Tatyana N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варсегова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Николаевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биол. наук</p></bio><email>varstn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Ilizarov Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии имени акад. Г.А. Илизарова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-07-12" publication-format="electronic"><day>12</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-01-26"><day>26</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-06-15"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2023,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/2534">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/2534</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>Background</italic></bold><bold><italic>.</italic></bold> Previous research has shown that neurectomy of the sciatic nerve leads to a reduction in bone density in the femur and tibia of laboratory mice and rats. However, the impact of surgeries aimed at restoring nerve innervation on the bones of distal limb parts has not been studied.</p> <p><bold><italic>Aim</italic></bold> <bold><italic>of</italic></bold> <bold><italic>the</italic></bold> <bold><italic>study</italic></bold> — to identify structural changes in the shaft of the third metatarsal bone after primary autogenous plasty of the resection defect of the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve in rats.</p> <p><bold><italic>Methods</italic></bold><bold><italic>. </italic></bold>Autologous neuroplasty of the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve was performed on 16 Wistar rats (aged 8-10 months). The animals were euthanized at 4 and 6 months after the surgery, and a control group of 7 intact rats of similar age was included. Histomorphometric analysis was conducted on a dissected fragment of the forefoot at the level of the metatarsal bones. The ratio of fuchsinophilic and anilinophilic structures of the cortical plate was determined using point-count volumetry on Masson-stained images of transverse sections of the third metatarsal bone shaft. The thickness of the cortical plate, numerical density, area, and diameter of osteons and Haversian canals were measured.</p> <p><bold><italic>Results</italic></bold><bold><italic>. </italic></bold>After 4 months, compared to the control group, a 15% decrease (p = 0.0001) in the proportion of mineralized structures of the cortical plate and a 12.7% reduction (p = 0.0184) in its thickness were observed. Osteolysis signs were present in the osteonal layer, along with decreased numerical density and dimensional characteristics of osteons, and the presence of osteons with dilated Haversian canals. At 6 months, the thickness of the cortical plate did not significantly differ from the norm (p = 0.2067), but there was a progressive 33.6% decrease (p = 0.0001) in the proportion of mineralized structures. Reduced values of numerical density, area, and diameter of osteons persisted in the osteonal layer, while the diameters of Haversian canals in osteons increased over time.</p> <p><bold><italic>Conclusion</italic></bold><bold><italic>. </italic></bold>From 4 to 6 months, the thickness of the cortical layer in the compact bone of the third metatarsal bone shaft was restored. However, changes in the numerical and dimensional composition of osteons, along with decreased mineralization of the extracellular matrix and erosion of the subperiosteal bone layer, continued to progress. The developed experimental 2D model can be used to assess denervation osteopenia in distal limb parts and further explore rehabilitation interventions that enhance and improve reinnervation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Актуальность. </italic></bold>Из мировой литературы известно влияние нейрэктомии седалищного нерва на снижение костной плотности бедренных и большеберцовых костей лабораторных мышей и крыс, но не изучено состояние костей дистальных отделов конечностей после операций, направленных на восстановление иннервации.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель исследования </italic></bold>— выявить структурные изменения диафиза III плюсневой кости после первичной аутогенной пластики резекционного дефекта большеберцовой порции седалищного нерва крыс.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материал и методы.</italic></bold> У 16 крыс Wistar (возраст 8–10 мес.) выполнена аутологичная нейропластика большеберцовой порции седалищного нерва. Через 4 мес. (<italic>n</italic> = 8) и 6 мес. (<italic>n</italic> = 8) после операции животных эвтаназировали. Группу контроля (контроль) составили 7 интактных животных в возрасте 14 мес. (<italic>n</italic> = 3) и 16 мес. (<italic>n</italic> = 4) — соответственно возрасту оперированных крыс на момент эвтаназии. Для гистоморфометрического анализа иссекали фрагмент переднего отдела стопы на уровне плюсневых костей. Методом точко-счетной объемометрии в изображениях поперечных срезов диафиза III плюсневой кости, окрашенных по Массону, определяли соотношение фуксинофильных и анилинофильных структур кортикальной пластинки. Измеряли толщину кортикальной пластинки, определяли численную плотность, площадь и диаметр остеонов и гаверсовых каналов.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты. </italic></bold>Через 4 мес. эксперимента по сравнению с контролем выявлено снижение доли минерализованных структур кортикальной пластинки на 15% (<italic>р </italic>= 0,0001), уменьшена ее толщина на 12,7% (<italic>р </italic>= 0,0184). В остеонном слое выражены признаки остеолиза, снижена численная плотность остеонов, их размерные характеристики, отмечены остеоны с расширенными гаверсовыми каналами. В срок 6 мес. толщина кортикальной пластинки не имела статистически значимых отличий от нормы (<italic>р</italic> = 0,2067), однако прогрессировало снижение доли минерализованных структур — на 33,6% (<italic>р </italic>= 0,0001). В остеонном слое сохранялись сниженные значения численной плотности остеонов, их площади и диаметров. Значения диаметров гаверсовых каналов остеонов продолжали увеличиваться.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic></bold> В период от 4 до 6 мес. восстанавливалась толщина кортикальной пластинки диафиза III плюсневой костия, но прогрессировали изменения численно-размерного состава остеонов, уменьшение минерализации внеклеточного матрикса и эрозирование субпериостального слоя кости. Оценка денервационной остеопении дистальных отделов конечностей в данных условиях эксперимента примени ма в дальнейших исследованиях реабилитационных воздействий, ускоряющих и улучшающих реиннервацию.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rat sciatic nerve</kwd><kwd>autoneuroplаsty</kwd><kwd>metatarsal bone shaft</kwd><kwd>denervation osteopenia</kwd><kwd>histomorphometry</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>седалищный нерв крысы</kwd><kwd>аутонейропластика</kwd><kwd>диафиз плюсневой кости</kwd><kwd>денервационная остеопения</kwd><kwd>гистоморфометрия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Gillespie J.A. The nature of the bone changes associated with nerve injuries and disuse. 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