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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17903</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/2311-2905-17903</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparative effectiveness and safety of single-incision and double-incision refixation techniques for distal biceps brachii tendon rupture: an umbrella review of systematic reviews</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительная эффективность и безопасность одно- и двухразрезных техник рефиксации дистального сухожилия двуглавой мышцы плеча: зонтичный обзор систематических обзоров</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4653-6352</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5340-2341</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rustamov</surname><given-names>Rukhiddin S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рустамов</surname><given-names>Рухиддин Шамсиддин угли</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>rustamovdoc01@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1557-1899</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2799-2563</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeev</surname><given-names>Alexander I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеев</surname><given-names>Александр Игоревич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>spaceship1961@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4609-7506</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7222-7263</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyshev</surname><given-names>Vladislav I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малышев</surname><given-names>Владислав Иванович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>trauma@malyshevdoc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии им. Р.Р. Вредена» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><content-language>ru</content-language><pub-date date-type="preprint" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026-09-10"><day>10</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026-09-29"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>187</fpage><lpage>195</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-06-17"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-08-25"><day>25</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></date></history><pub-history><event event-type="received"><event-desc>Received:<date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-06-17"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></date></event-desc></event><event event-type="accepted"><event-desc>Accepted:<date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-08-25"><day>25</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></date></event-desc></event><event event-type="pub"><event-desc>Published:<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026-09-29"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date></event-desc></event></pub-history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17903">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17903</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Rupture of the distal biceps brachii tendon (DBT) is a functionally significant injury resulting in reduced flexion and supination strength of the forearm. Despite the widespread use of surgical treatment, there is no consensus on the choice between single-incision and double-incision techniques. This umbrella review provides a comprehensive assessment of methodological quality, risk of bias, evidence overlap, and certainty of evidence comparing SI and DI techniques.</p> <p><bold>The aim<italic> </italic></bold>— to perform a comparative analysis of the clinical efficacy and safety of single-incision versus double-incision refixation techniques for distal biceps tendon rupture, based on data from systematic reviews, with a comprehensive assessment of methodological quality, risk of bias, primary study overlap, and certainty of evidence.</p> <p><bold>Methods.<italic> </italic></bold>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis that compared SI and DI techniques were included. Methodological quality was assessed using AMSTAR-2, risk of bias using ROBIS. Overlap of primary studies was evaluated using the Jaccard index and the Corrected Covered Area (CCA). Certainty of evidence was graded using a modified GRADE approach. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261397223).</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Seven systematic reviews (2008–2025) were included. All had critically low methodological quality (AMSTAR-2) and high risk of bias (ROBIS). The SI technique was associated with statistically significantly better functional outcomes; however, differences in DASH scores did not reach the minimal clinically important difference. SI was associated with a lower incidence of heterotopic ossification and radioulnar synostosis, but a higher incidence of injury to the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve and superficial branch of the radial nerve. No differences were found in rerupture or reoperation rates. The mean Jaccard index was 0.30, and the overall CCA was 14.2% (upper border of high overlap). The certainty of evidence according to GRADE was very low for all outcomes.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions.<italic> </italic></bold>Although the certainty of evidence is very low (GRADE D), the single-incision technique may be the preferred option for patients with high functional demands who have no risk factors for neurological complications. The double-incision technique may be used in patients at increased risk of peripheral nerve injury. Ultimately, the choice of technique should be individualized based on the patient’s risk profile and the surgeon’s experience, given the very low quality of the evidence base.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность<italic>. </italic></bold>Разрыв дистального сухожилия двуглавой мышцы плеча — функционально значимое повреждение, сопровождающееся снижением силы сгибания и супинации предплечья. Несмотря на широкое применение хирургического лечения, консенсус относительно выбора одноразрезной или двухразрезной техники отсутствует. Настоящий зонтичный обзор представляет комплексную оценку методологического качества, риска систематической ошибки, перекрытия доказательной базы и достоверности доказательств при сравнении одно- и двухразрезной техник.</p> <p><bold>Цель обзора<italic> </italic></bold>— cравнительный анализ клинической эффективности и безопасности одноразрезной и двухразрезной техник рефиксации дистального сухожилия двуглавой мышцы плеча на основе данных систематических обзоров с комплексной оценкой методологического качества, риска систематической ошибки, степени перекрытия первичных исследований и достоверности доказательств.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы<italic>. </italic></bold>Проведен систематический поиск в PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar. Включены систематические обзоры с метаанализом или без него, сравнивающие одноразрезную и двухразрезную техники рефиксации дистального сухожилия двуглавой мышцы плеча. Методологическое качество оценивали по AMSTAR-2, риск систематической ошибки — по ROBIS, перекрытие первичных исследований — по индексу Жаккара и показателю Corrected Covered Area (CCA), достоверность доказательств — по модифицированному подходу GRADE. Протокол исследования зарегистрирован в PROSPERO (CRD420261397223).</p> <p><bold>Результаты<italic>. </italic></bold>В анализ включили 7 систематических обзоров, опубликованных с 2008 по 2025 г. Все обзоры имели критически низкое методологическое качество по AMSTAR-2 и высокий риск систематической ошибки по ROBIS. Одноразрезная техника ассоциировалась со статистически значимо лучшими функциональными исходами, однако различия по шкале DASH не достигали минимально клинически значимого уровня. При одноразрезной технике отмечалась меньшая частота гетеротопической оссификации и лучелоктевого синостоза, но более высокая частота повреждения латерального кожного нерва предплечья и поверхностной ветви лучевого нерва. Различий в частоте повторных разрывов и ревизионных операций не выявлено. Средний индекс Жаккара составил 0,30, общий CCA — 14,2% (верхняя граница высокого перекрытия). Достоверность доказательств по GRADE была очень низкой для всех исходов.</p> <p><bold>Заключение<italic>. </italic></bold>Несмотря на крайне низкую достоверность доказательств (GRADE D), одноразрезная техника может рассматриваться как наиболее предпочтительная у пациентов с высокими функциональными требованиями при отсутствии факторов риска неврологических осложнений. Двухразрезная техника может применяться у пациентов с повышенным риском повреждения периферических нервов. Окончательный выбор техники должен основываться на индивидуальном профиле риска и опыте хирурга, учитывая крайне низкое качество имеющейся доказательной базы.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>distal biceps brachii tendon</kwd><kwd>tendon rupture</kwd><kwd>refixation</kwd><kwd>single-incision technique</kwd><kwd>double-incision technique</kwd><kwd>umbrella review</kwd><kwd>systematic review</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дистальное сухожилие двуглавой мышцы плеча</kwd><kwd>разрыв сухожилия</kwd><kwd>рефиксация</kwd><kwd>одноразрезная техника</kwd><kwd>двухразрезная техника</kwd><kwd>зонтичный обзор</kwd><kwd>систематический обзор</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Safran M.R., Graham S.M. Distal biceps tendon ruptures: incidence, demographics, and the effect of smoking. 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