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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17863</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/2311-2905-17863</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Clinical studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Selective capsulotomy during hip reconstruction in children with cerebral palsy: role of the intraoperative fluoroscopic reducibility test</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Селективная капсулотомия при реконструкции тазобедренного сустава у детей с церебральным параличом: роль интраоперационного флюороскопического теста вправляемости</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4932-5780</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5770-1359</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tilyakov</surname><given-names>Akbar B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тиляков</surname><given-names>Акбар Буриевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="UZ">Uzbekistan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>akbar.tilak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9796-2959</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7791-5513</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzaev</surname><given-names>Anvar G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзаев</surname><given-names>Анвар Гафурович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="UZ">Uzbekistan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>anv.mirzaev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Center for Pediatric Orthopedics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Республиканский центр детской ортопедии Минздрава Республики Узбекистан</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-08-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-22"><day>22</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-06-25"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17863">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17863</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background<italic>. </italic></bold>Hip instability develops in 3-60% of patients with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) and is a leading cause of pain, postural impairment, and reduced quality of life. Reconstructive surgery includes femoral varus derotation osteotomy combined with acetabuloplasty. However, the need for routine capsulotomy remains controversial.</p> <p><bold>The aim of the study<italic> </italic></bold>— to evaluate the effectiveness of an intraoperative fluoroscopic reducibility test in the surgical treatment of hip dislocation in children with spastic cerebral palsy based on an analysis of clinical, radiographic, and functional outcomes</p> <p><bold>Methods<italic>. </italic></bold>This retrospective comparative cohort study conducted between 2019 and 2025 included 82 patients with 118 affected hips. Spastic diplegia was present in 79% of patients and spastic quadriplegia in 21%. The mean patient age was 8.4 years. Patients were allocated to the study groups intraoperatively according to the results of the fluoroscopic reducibility test. When the lateral center-edge angle (LCEA) was ≥20°, closed reduction without capsulotomy was performed (Group I, n = 76 hips; 64%). When the LCEA was &lt;20°, capsulotomy with the removal of intra-articular obstacles to reduction was performed (Group II, n = 42 hips; 36%). Statistical analysis was performed using generalized estimating equations (GEE) with patient-level clustering. A 1:1 propensity score-matched sensitivity analysis included 84 hips. The primary outcome was hip stability, defined as a Reimers migration percentage (MP) of &lt; 30%, at a minimum follow-up of 2 years. The prespecified equivalence margin was 15%.</p> <p><bold>Results<italic>. </italic></bold>The mean follow-up was 3.5 years (95% CI 3.3-3.9). Hip stability was achieved in 93% of hips in Group I and 88% of hips in Group II. The between-group difference was 5.2% (95% CI -4.1 to +14.5), confirming equivalence between the treatment strategies. Operative time was 45 minutes shorter in Group I (p &lt; 0.001). The rates of avascular necrosis (8%) and recurrent hip displacement (5%) did not differ between the groups. A preoperative MP of ≥ 75% (OR 1.9) and spastic quadriplegia (OR 2.1) were independent predictors of the need for capsulotomy. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.80 (95% CI 0.69-0.91). Pain reduction and caregiver satisfaction scores of ≥ 4 out of 5, achieved in 79% of cases, did not differ between the groups.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.<italic> </italic></bold>The intraoperative fluoroscopic reducibility test allowed capsulotomy to be avoided in 64% of cases, with comparable radiographic outcomes and a significantly shorter operative time. These findings support a selective rather than routine approach to capsulotomy during reconstruction of neuromuscular hip dislocation in children with cerebral palsy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность.</bold> Нестабильность тазобедренного сустава при спастическом детском церебральном параличе (ДЦП) развивается у 3–60٪ пациентов и является ведущей причиной болевого синдрома, нарушения позы и снижения качества жизни. Реконструктивное лечение включает варизирующую деротационную остеотомию бедра в сочетании с ацетабулопластикой. Вопрос о целесообразности рутинной капсулотомии остается дискуссионным.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования<italic> </italic></bold>— на основании анализа клинико-рентгенологических и функциональных исходов оценить эффективность интраоперационного флюороскопического теста вправления при хирургическом лечении вывиха бедра у детей со спастическими формами детского церебрального паралича.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы.</bold> В ретроспективное сравнительное когортное исследование (2019–2025) были включены 82 пациента (118 тазобедренных суставов) с диагнозами: диплегия — 79٪, тетраплегия — 21٪. Средний возраст пациентов составил 8,4 года. Распределение по группам выполняли интраоперационно в зависимости от результата флюороскопического теста: при центрально-краевом угле (ЦКУ) ≥ 20° — закрытое вправление без капсулотомии (группа I, <italic>n</italic> = 76, 64٪); при ЦКУ &lt; 20° — капсулотомия с устранением внутрисуставных препятствий (группа II, <italic>n</italic> = 42, 36٪). Статистический анализ — GEE с кластеризацией по пациенту; анализ чувствительности — подбор пар 1:1 (<italic>n </italic>= 84 сустава). Первичный исход — стабильность ТБС (индекс миграции &lt; 30%) при наблюдении ≥ 2 лет; допустимый предел равнозначности — 15%.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.<italic> </italic></bold>Средний срок наблюдения составил 3,5 года (95% ДИ 3,3–3,9). Стабильность: группа I — 93%, группа II — 88%; разница 5,2% (95% ДИ -4,1% до +14,5%) — равнозначность подтверждена. Продолжительность операции в группе I была меньше на 45 мин. (<italic>р</italic> &lt; 0,001). Частота аваскулярного некроза (8%) и рецидива смещения (5%) между группами не различалась. Предоперационный индекс миграции ≥ 75% (ОШ 1,9) и тетраплегическая форма ДЦП (ОШ 2,1) — независимые предикторы необходимости капсулотомии (ПОК 0,80; 95% ДИ 0,69–0,91). Снижение болевого синдрома и удовлетворенность ухаживающих ≥ 4/5 (79%) между группами не различались.</p> <p><bold>Заключение<italic>. </italic></bold>Флюороскопический тест вправления позволяет отказаться от капсулотомии в 64% случаев при сопоставимых рентгенологических исходах и значимо меньшей продолжительности операции. Результаты обосновывают дифференцированный, а не рутинный подход к артротомии при реконструкции нейромышечного вывиха тазобедренного сустава у детей с ДЦП.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cerebral palsy</kwd><kwd>hip dislocation</kwd><kwd>femoral osteotomy</kwd><kwd>pelvic osteotomy</kwd><kwd>capsulotomy</kwd><kwd>Reimers migration percentage</kwd><kwd>GMFCS classification</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>детский церебральный паралич</kwd><kwd>вывих бедра</kwd><kwd>остеотомия бедра</kwd><kwd>остеотомия таза</kwd><kwd>капсулотомия</kwd><kwd>индекс миграции</kwd><kwd>классификация GMFCS</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Rosenbaum P., Paneth N., Leviton A., Goldstein M., Bax M., Damiano D. et al. A report: the definition and classification of cerebral palsy April 2006. 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