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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17725</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/2311-2905-17725</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Clinical studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using detached and non-detached autografts: comparative analysis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Результаты применения модифицированной биполярной радиочастотной абляции у пациентов с проксимальной подошвенной фасциопатией</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-6160</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotelnikov</surname><given-names>Gennadiy P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котельников</surname><given-names>Геннадий Петрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Full Member of the RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН</p></bio><email>g.p.kotelnikov@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7202-7471</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbatov</surname><given-names>Nikita D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербатов</surname><given-names>Никита Дмитриевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>niksherbatov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8002-7294</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudashev</surname><given-names>Dmitry S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудашев</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Сергеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>dmitrykudashew@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6471-123X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zuev-Ratnikov</surname><given-names>Sergey D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуев-Ратников</surname><given-names>Сергей Дмитриевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>stenocardia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Samara State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-08-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-30"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-07-30"><day>30</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17725">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17725</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold><bold>. </bold>Despite the widespread use of autograft techniques for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, there remains a need to improve surgical methods aimed at enhancing graft osseointegration, reducing inflammatory responses, and preventing bone tunnel widening. Particular attention has been drawn to techniques that preserve the tibial insertion and ACL remnant. A systematic comparison of these approaches based on objective functional and morphological parameters is necessary.</p> <p><bold>The</bold><bold> </bold><bold>aim</bold><bold> </bold><bold>of</bold><bold> </bold><bold>the</bold><bold> </bold><bold>study</bold><bold> </bold>— to conduct a comparative analysis of short-term and early outcomes of different anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques.</p> <p><bold>Methods</bold><bold>. </bold>The study included 112 patients stratified into four groups based on the type of ACL reconstruction performed: D — detached graft; N — non-detached graft; D+S — detached graft with remnant preservation; N+S — non-detached graft with remnant preservation. Clinical outcomes were evaluated at 6 and 12 months using the Lysholm score, IKDC, and KOOS, as well as MRI-based Signal-to-Noise Quotient (SNQ) and CT-based bone tunnel widening. Statistical analysis included one-way and multivariate ANOVA (MANOVA), as well as Principal Component Analysis (PCA).</p> <p><bold>Results</bold><bold>. </bold>The comparative analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the groups across all evaluated parameters (p &lt; 0.05), according to the ANOVA test. The best functional outcomes (Lysholm, KOOS, IKDC) and morphological indicators (SNQ ratio, bone tunnel widening) were observed in the N+S group. MANOVA and PCA confirmed spatial separation of groups, with a distinct cluster formed by N+S patients, indicating the superiority of this technique. All intergroup differences were statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion</bold><bold>. </bold>The results suggest that the use of non-detached autografts in combination with preservation of anterior cruciate ligament remnant offers substantial potential for improving surgical outcomes in knee joint instability. However, large-scale randomized trials with long-term follow-up are needed to confirm these findings.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность</bold><bold>.</bold> Несмотря на широкое применение аутопластики передней крестообразной связки (ПКС), сохраняется потребность в совершенствовании методик, направленных на улучшение остеоинтеграции трансплантата, снижение воспалительной реакции и профилактику расширения костных тоннелей. Особый интерес представляют технологии с сохранением тибиального прикрепления и культи ПКС. Их сравнительная оценка на основе объективных функциональных и морфологических показателей требует систематизированного анализа.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>— провести сравнительный анализ ближайших и ранних результатов применения различных способов реконструкции передней крестообразной связки.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы. </bold>В исследование включены 112 пациентов, стратифицированных на четыре группы по типу выполняемой операции: D — свободный трансплантат; N — несвободный трансплантат; D+S — свободный трансплантат с сохранением культи; N+S — несвободный трансплантат с сохранением культи. Оценка результатов проводилась в сроки 6 и 12 мес. после операции с использованием шкал Lysholm, IKDC, KOOS, а также по данным МРТ (индекс SNQ) и МСКТ (расширение костных тоннелей). Применялись методы одно- и многофакторного дисперсионного анализа (ANOVA, MANOVA) и PCA.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Сравнительный анализ показал статистически значимые различия между группами по всем исследуемым показателям (p &lt; 0,05) по данным ANOVA-теста. Наилучшие функциональные результаты по шкалам Lysholm, KOOS и IKDC, а также морфологические показатели (индекс SNQ и степень расширения костных каналов) зафиксированы в группе N+S. MANOVA и PCA показали пространственное разделение групп с выраженным кластером пациентов группы N+S, отражающим преимущество данной техники. Различия между группами статистически значимы (p &lt; 0,05).</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Полученные данные позволяют утверждать, что применение несвободных трансплантатов в сочетании с техникой сохранения культи передней крестообразной связки обладает значительным потенциалом в плане улучшения результатов хирургического лечения нестабильности коленного сустава. В то же время для окончательной верификации выявленных закономерностей требуется проведение широкомасштабных рандомизированных исследований с пролонгированным периодом наблюдения.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anterior cruciate ligament</kwd><kwd>ACL</kwd><kwd>ACL rupture</kwd><kwd>non-detached graft</kwd><kwd>ACL remnant preservation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>передняя крестообразная связка</kwd><kwd>ПКС</kwd><kwd>разрыв ПКС</kwd><kwd>несвободный трансплантат</kwd><kwd>сохранение культи ПКС</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Сапрыкин А.С., Гвоздев М.А., Рябинин М.В., Орлов Ю.Н. Историческое развитие реконструкции передней крестообразной связки. Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2020;(6):205. https:// doi.org/10.17513/spno.30440. Saprykin A.S., Gvozdev M.A., Ryabinin M.V., Orlov Y.N. 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