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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17695</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/2311-2905-17695</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Systemic administration of escin for posttraumatic or post-operative soft tissue edema: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эсцин для системного введения при посттравматическом или постоперационном отеке мягких тканей: систематический обзор рандомизированных клинических исследований</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4690-1811</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4774-9096</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prikhodko</surname><given-names>Veronika A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приходько</surname><given-names>Вероника Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>vaprikhodko@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4294-5531</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7922-6882</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Okovityi</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оковитый</surname><given-names>Сергей Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>okovityy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный химико-фармацевтический университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-04-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>161</fpage><lpage>177</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-20"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-08"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17695">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17695</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>Treatment of post-traumatic and post-operative soft tissue edema is especially relevant due to the high incidence of these conditions. They have a profound effect on patients´ quality of life and recovery process, as edema contributes to microcirculation impairment, pain exacerbation, fibrosis development, and limitation of motion. Escin, a promising treatment for edema, is a naturally derived compound with anti-edematous, angio- and endothelioprotective, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and other effects.</p> <p><bold>The aim of the review </bold>— to summarize the clinical trial data on the efficacy and safety of systemically administered escin medications in the treatment of post-traumatic or post-operative soft tissue edema.</p> <p><bold>Methods. </bold>The review was conducted following the PRISMA-2020, ROBIS, and AMSTAR-2 guidelines and included clinical trials (CTs) that met the PICO(S) criteria. The search was carried out on January 8, 2025 in the PubMed, eLIBRARY, SciELO, Cochrane Library databases, and in the US, EU, and UK clinical trial registers. Qualitative evidence synthesis was performed in a narrative approach with confidence assessment by the GRADE-CERQual method. Risk of bias in individual CT was assessed using the RoB 2 tool.</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>The review included three open-label, randomized, parallel-group CTs devoted to the anti-edematous effect of escin for managing post-operative edema in chronic venous disease (1 CT, n = 87), trauma-related skin flap transplantation (1 CT, n = 90), and surgical treatment for blunt limb trauma (1 CT, n = 102). In all trials reviewed, systemic administration of escin was effective in correcting local edema, did not significantly differ from comparison groups in terms of safety and tolerability, and had a positive effect on several pathogenetic laboratory markers of edema. All included CTs raised some concerns regarding the overall risk of bias, mainly due to the absence of blinding and randomization protection. The outcome reporting and publication bias for the evidence synthesis was deemed low.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> The review has shown that systemic (oral or parenteral) administration of escin in the acute post-traumatic and post-operative periods effectively reduced the severity of edema (moderate confidence by GRADE-CERQual) and was well-tolerated. The incidence of adverse events did not significantly differ from the negative control, the active comparator (mannitol) (moderate confidence by GRADE-CERQual). The findings of this review may find further application as a basis for novel, more advanced approaches to the drug correction of edema of various etiologies.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность. </bold>Актуальность лечения посттравматического и послеоперационного отека мягких тканей обусловлена высокой частотой возникновения этих состояний, а также их значительным влиянием на качество жизни пациентов и процесс восстановления, что обусловлено нарушением микроциркуляции, усилением болевого синдрома, профибротическим действием и ограничением подвижности под влиянием этого патологического процесса. Перспективным представляется применение эсцина — соединения природного происхождения, обладающего противоотечным, ангио- и эндотелиопротективным, противовоспалительным, анальгезирующим и другими эффектами.</p> <p><bold>Цель обзора </bold>— анализ и синтез данных клинических исследований об эффективности и безопасности препаратов эсцина для системного применения при посттравматическом или постоперационном отеке мягких тканей.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы. </bold>Обзор проводили в соответствии с рекомендациями PRISMA-2020, ROBIS и AMSTAR-2. В обзор включали клинические исследования (КИ), соответствовавшие критериям по системе PICO(S). Поиск источников проводили 08 января 2025 г. по базам научных публикаций PubMed, eLIBRARY, SciELO, Кохрейновской библиотеки, регистрам клинических исследований США, Евросоюза и Великобритании. Качественный синтез доказательств осуществляли в нарративном подходе с оценкой уверенности по системе GRADE-CERQual. Риск смещения результатов отдельных КИ оценивали с использованием инструмента RoB 2.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>В обзор вошли три открытых рандомизированных КИ с дизайном параллельных групп, посвященных оценке противоотечного эффекта эсцина при постоперационном отеке на фоне хронического заболевания вен (1 КИ, n = 87), трансплантации кожного лоскута по поводу травмы (1 КИ, n = 90) и хирургического лечения тупой травмы конечности (1 КИ, n = 102). Во всех рассмотренных КИ системное введение эсцина было эффективно для коррекции локального отека, значимо не отличалось от групп сравнения по безопасности и переносимости, а также оказывало положительное влияние на уровни некоторых патогенетических лабораторных маркеров отека. Во всех включенных КИ были найдены основания для некоторых опасений в отношении общего риска смещения эффекта, связанного, главным образом, с отсутствием ослепления и защиты процесса рандомизации. Риск смещения, связанного с выборочными публикацией и/или сообщением результатов, в рамках проведенного синтеза был оценен как низкий.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Проведенный обзор показал, что системное (пероральное или парентеральное) введение эсцина в острый период после травм и оперативных вмешательств эффективно уменьшало выраженность отека (умеренная уверенность по GRADE-CERQual), хорошо переносилось и по частоте возникновения нежелательных явлений не отличалось от минус-контроля, от препарата сравнения (маннитола) (умеренная уверенность по GRADE-CERQual). Результаты обзора могут найти дальнейшее применение при обосновании новых, более совершенных подходов к проведению медикаментозной коррекции отеков различной этиологии.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>escin</kwd><kwd>escinate</kwd><kwd>edema</kwd><kwd>anti-edematous therapy</kwd><kwd>systematic review</kwd><kwd>clinical trials</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эсцин</kwd><kwd>эсцинат</kwd><kwd>отек</kwd><kwd>противоотечная терапия</kwd><kwd>систематический обзор</kwd><kwd>клинические исследования</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Cho S., Atwood J.E. Peripheral edema. Am J Med. 2002;113(7):580-586. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9343(02)01322-0.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Lent-Schochet D., Jialal I. Physiology, Edema. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 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