<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17689</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/2311-2905-17689</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Clinical studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Classification of midfoot deformities in Charcot neuroarthropathy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Классификация деформаций среднего отдела стопы при остеоартропатии Шарко</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4943-3440</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Osnach</surname><given-names>Stanislav A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оснач</surname><given-names>Станислав Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>stas-osnach@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5077-2186</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Protsko</surname><given-names>Victor G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Процко</surname><given-names>Виктор Геннадьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>89035586679@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1276-5484</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Obolenskiy</surname><given-names>Vladimir N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оболенский</surname><given-names>Владимир Николаевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>gkb13@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-8303</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bregovsky</surname><given-names>Vadim B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бреговский</surname><given-names>Вадим Борисович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>dfoot.tdc@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0798-0139</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Komelyagina</surname><given-names>Elena Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комелягина</surname><given-names>Елена Юрьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>komelelena@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8393-6805</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dalmatova</surname><given-names>Anna B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Далматова</surname><given-names>Анна Борисовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>dalmatova.anna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4470-1850</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sabantchieva</surname><given-names>Nuria I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сабанчиева</surname><given-names>Нурия Исмаиловна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sni_doc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8126-8452</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Demina</surname><given-names>Anastasia G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демина</surname><given-names>Анастасия Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>ans.dem@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8748-0059</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tamoev</surname><given-names>Sargon K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тамоев</surname><given-names>Саргон Константинович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>sargonik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1190-7498</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobrov</surname><given-names>Dmitrii S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобров</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Сергеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>dr.bobroff@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6287-8132</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>Vasiliy V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>Василий Викторович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>vkuznecovniito@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5547-4524</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybinskaya</surname><given-names>Anastasia L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбинская</surname><given-names>Анастасия Леонидовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>arybinskay@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6736-9772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagorodniy</surname><given-names>Nikolay V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загородний</surname><given-names>Николай Васильевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Full Member of the RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН</p></bio><email>zagorodniy51@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Yudin City Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница им. С.С. Юдина ДЗМ»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Branch No 1 Demikhov City Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Филиал № 1 ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница им. В.П. Демихова ДЗМ»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">City Consultative and Diagnostic Center No1, Regional Center of Endocrinology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Городской консультативно-диагностический центр № 1», Региональный эндокринологический центр</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Diabetic Foot Department, Endocrinological Dispensary</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Эндокринологический диспансер ДЗМ»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-07-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>70</fpage><lpage>83</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-09"><day>09</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-07-13"><day>13</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17689">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17689</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold><bold>.</bold> Midfoot pathology accounts for 60-70% of all deformities in diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy. However, the available classifications of this pathology are few and have certain disadvantages.</p> <p><bold>The</bold><bold> </bold><bold>aim</bold><bold> </bold><bold>of</bold><bold> </bold><bold>the</bold><bold> </bold><bold>study</bold><bold> </bold>— to analyze X-rays of patients to investigate the displacement patterns of the midfoot bone and joint structures in Charcot neuroarthropathy, and, based on the identified displacement trends, to develop an anatomical and radiological classification of midfoot deformities.</p> <p><bold>Methods</bold><bold>. </bold>A retrospective analysis was performed on the foot X-rays of 416 patients (436 feet) with midfoot pathology in Charcot neuroarthropathy. Of these, 233 X-rays were provided by inpatient hospitals, and 203 — on an outpatient basis. Only X-rays taken in anteroposterior and lateral views were included in the analysis. We assessed the alignment of bones within the foot joints, the extent of destruction, and the direction of the displacement of bony structures.</p> <p><bold>Results</bold><bold>. </bold>The following types of lesions are identified. 1A — involvement of the navicular bone and talar head with the preservation of the lateral column anatomy. 1B — simultaneous involvement of the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints. 1C — subluxation or dislocation of the talonavicular joint with transition to the lateral parts of the tarsometatarsal joint with plantar dislocation of the cuboid bone and preservation of anatomical integrity in the calcaneocuboid joint. 1D — complete displacement of the navicular bone with the dislocation of the talonavicular, naviculocuneiform and tarsometatarsal joints. 2 — deformation (subluxation, dislocation, fracture-dislocation) of the naviculocuneiform joint, with involvement of the lateral column in the metatarsocuboid joint and flattening of the medial column. 3 — isolated involvement of the Lisfranc joint. 4A — isolated involvement (subluxation or dislocation) of the first cuneometatarsal joint without visible deformity in the affected area. 4B — dislocation of the medial naviculocuneiform and medial cuneometatarsal joints with the displacement of the medial cuneiform bone relative to the other foot bones. 5 — varus deformity of the foot with fractures of the metatarsal bones.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion</bold><bold>. </bold>A new classification of Charcot midfoot lesions is intended to guide the selection of key reconstructive surgical interventions for this pathology.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность. </bold>Поражения среднего отдела стопы составляют 60–70% от всех деформаций при диабетической нейроостеоартропатии Шарко, однако имеющиеся классификации этой патологии немногочисленны и имеют недостатки.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>— на основании анализа рентгенограмм изучить характер смещения костно-суставного аппарата среднего отдела стопы при остеоартропатии Шарко и с учетом закономерностей смещения разработать анатомо-рентгенологическую классификацию деформаций среднего отдела стопы.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы.</bold> Проведен ретроспективный анализ рентгенограмм 416 пациентов (436 стоп) с патологией среднего отдела как проявлением нейроостеоартропатии Шарко. Из них 233 рентгенограммы были выполнены в стационарах, а 203 — амбулаторно. Для анализа отбирались рентгенограммы в прямой и боковой проекциях. Оценивали соотношение в суставах стопы, объем деструкций, направление смещения костей.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Выделены следующие варианты поражения. 1А — поражение ладьевидной кости и головки таранной кости с сохранением анатомии латеральной колонны. 1Б — одновременное поражение таранно-ладьевидного и пяточно-кубовидного суставов. 1В — подвывих или вывих в таранно-ладьевидном суставе с переходом на латеральные отделы предплюсне-плюсневого сустава с дислокацией кубовидной кости плантарно и сохранением анатомической целостности в пяточно-кубовидном суставе. 1Г — тотальное смещение ладьевидной кости с вывихом в таранно-ладьевидном, ладьевидно-клиновидных и предплюсне-плюсневом суставах. 2 — деформация (подвывих, вывих, переломо-вывих) на уровне ладьевидно-клиновидного сустава с поражением латеральной колонны в кубовидно-плюсневом суставе и уплощением медиальной колонны. 3 — изолированное поражение сустава Лисфранка. 4А — изолированное поражение (подвывих или вывих) первого плюсне-клиновидного сустава при отсутствии видимой деформации в зоне поражения. 4Б — вывих в медиальном ладьевидно-клиновидном и медиальном плюсне-клиновидном суставе со смещением медиальной клиновидной кости относительно остальных костей стопы. 5 — варусная деформация стопы с переломом плюсневых костей.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Новая классификация поражений среднего отдела предназначена для определения ключевых направлений реконструктивных оперативных вмешательств при данной патологии.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuroarthropathy</kwd><kwd>Charcot foot</kwd><kwd>diabetic foot</kwd><kwd>midfoot</kwd><kwd>deformity</kwd><kwd>classification</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейроостеоартропатия</kwd><kwd>стопа Шарко</kwd><kwd>диабетическая стопа</kwd><kwd>средний отдел</kwd><kwd>деформация</kwd><kwd>классификация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>International Diabetes Federation. Режим доступа: https://idf.org/about-diabetes/diabetes-facts-figures/.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Renwick N., Pallin J., Bo Jansen R., Gooday C., Tardáguila-Garcia A., Sanz-Corbalán I. et al. Review and Evaluation of European National Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Treatment and Management of Active Charcot Neuro-Osteoarthropathy in Diabetes Using the AGREE-II Tool Identifies an Absence of Evidence-Based Recommendations. J Diabetes Res. 2024;2024:7533891. https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7533891.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Guidelines of International Working Group on Diabetic Foot: Charcot’s neuro-osteo-arthropathy (2023 update). Available from: https:// iwgdfguidelines.org/charcot-2023.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Sanders L.J., Frykberg R.G. Diabetic neuropathic osteoarthropathy: The Charcot foot. In: R.G. Frykberg (ed.) The high risk foot in diabetes mellitus. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1991. p. 297-338.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Gratwohl V., Jentzsch T., Schöni M., Kaiser D., Berli M.C., Böni T. et al. Long-term follow-up of conservative treatment of Charcot feet. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2022;142(10):2553-2566. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s00402-021-03881-5.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Brodsky J.W. The diabetic foot. In: Coughlin M.J., Mann R.A. (eds.) Surgery of the foot and Ankle. 7th ed. St Louis (MO): Mosby; 1999. p. 895-969.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Wukich D.K., Sung W. Charcot arthropathy of the foot and ankle: modern concepts and management review. J Diabetes Complications. 2009;23(6):409-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2008.09.004.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Korst G., Ratliff H., Torian J., Jimoh R., Jupiter D. Delayed Diagnosis of Charcot Foot: A Systematic Review. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2022;61:1109-1113. https:// doi.org/10.1053/j.jfas.2022.01.008.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Waibel F., Berli M., Gratwohl V., Sairanen K., Kaiser D., Shin L. et al. Midterm Fate of the Contralateral Foot in Charcot Arthropathy. Foot Ankle Int. 2020;41(10):1181-1189. https://doi.org/10.1177/1071100720937654.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Бреговский В.Б., Оснач С.А., Оболенский В.Н., Демина А.Г., Рыбинская А.Л., Процко В.Г. Классификация нейроостеоартропатии Шарко: эволюция взглядов и нерешенные проблемы. Сахарный диабет. 2024;27(4):384-394. https:// doi.org/10.14341/DM13118. Bregovskiy V.B., Osnach S.A., Obolenskiy V.N., Demina A.G., Rybinskaya A.L., Protsko V.G. Classification of the Charcot neuroosteoarthropathy: evolution of views and unsolved problems. Diabetes mellitus. 2024;27(4):384-394. (In Russian). https:// doi.org/10.14341/DM13118.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Pinzur M., Schiff A. Deformity and clinical outcomes following operative correction of Charcot foot: A new classification with implications for treatment. Foot Ankle Int. 2018;39:265-270. https:// doi.org/10.1177/1071100717742371.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Obolenskiy V.N., Protsko V.G., Komelyagina E.Y. Classification of diabetic foot, revisited. Wound Medicine. 2017;8:1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wndm.2017.06.001.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Оснач С.А., Оболенский В.Н., Процко В.Г., Борзунов Д.Ю., Загородний Н.В., Тамоев С.К. Метод двухэтапного лечения пациентов с тотальными и субтотальными дефектами стопы при нейроостеоартропатии Шарко. Гений ортопедии. 2022;28(4):523-531. https://doi.org/10.18019/1028-4427-2022-28-4-523-531. Osnach S.А., Obolensky V.N., Protsko V.G., Borzunov D.Yu., Zagorodniy N.V., Tamoev S.K. Method of two-stage treatment of total and subtotal defects of the foot in Charcot neuroosteoarthropathy. Genij Ortopedii. 2022;28(4):523-531. (In Russian). https:// doi.org/10.18019/1028-4427-2022-28-4-523-531.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Паршиков М.В., Бардюгов П.С., Ярыгин Н.В. Ортопе-дические аспекты классификаций синдрома диабетической стопы. Гений ортопедии. 2020;26(2):173-178. https://doi.org/10.18019/1028-4427-2020-26-2-173-178. Parshikov M.V., Bardiugov P.S., Yarygin N.V. Orthopaedic aspects of diabetic foot syndrome classifications. Genij Ortopedii. 2020;26(2):173-178. (In Russian). https:// doi.org/10.18019/1028-4427-2020-26-2-173-178.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Капанджи А.И. Нижняя конечность. Функциональная анатомия. Москва: Эксмо; 2018. с. 206-227. Kapandzhi A.I. Lower limb. Functional anatomy. Moscow: Eksmo; 2018. p. 206-227. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Harris J., Brand P. Patterns of disintegration of the tarsus in the anaesthetic foot. J Bone Joint Surg. 1966;48(1):4-16.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Cofield R., Morrison M., Beabout J. Diabetic neuroarthropathy in the foot: patient characteristics and patterns of radiographic change. Foot Ankle. 1983;4(1):15-22. https:// doi.org/10.1177/107110078300400104.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Sammarco G., Conti S. Surgical treatment of neuropathic foot deformity. Foot Ankle Int. 1998;19(2):102-109. https://doi.org/10.1177/107110079801900209.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Schon L., Easley M., Weinfeld S. Charcot neuroarthropathy of the foot and ankle. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1998;(349):116-131. https:// doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199804000-00015.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Schon L., Easley M., Cohen I., Lam P., Badekas A., Anderson C. The acquired midtarsus deformity classification system – interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility. Foot Ankle Int. 2002;23(1):30-36. https:// doi.org/10.1177/107110070202300106.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Sanders L., Frykberg R. The Charcot foot (Pied de Charcot). In: Levin and O’Neal’s the diabetic foot. J.H. Bowker, M.A. Pfeifer (eds.) Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier; 2007. p. 257-283.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>López-Moral M., Molines-Barroso R.J., Sanz-Corbalán I., Tardáguila-García A., García-Madrid M., Lázaro-Martínez J.L. Predictive radiographic values for foot ulceration in persons with Charcot Foot divided by lateral or medial midfoot deformity. J Clin Med. 2022;11(3):474. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11030474.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Павлюченко С.В., Жданов А.И., Орлова И.В. Современные подходы к хирургическому лечению нейроостеоартропатии Шарко (обзор литературы). Травматология и ортопедия России. 2016;22(2):114-123. Pavlyuchenko S.V., Zhdanov A.I., Orlova I.V. Modern approaches to surgical treatment of Charcot neuroarthropathy (review). Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia. 2016;22(2):114-123. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
