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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17670</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/2311-2905-17670</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Theoretical and experimental studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Теоретические и экспериментальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Theoretical and experimental studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Effect of lattice structures on the antibiotic release from bone cement: <italic>in vitro</italic> study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние решетчатых структур на элюцию антибиотиков из костного цемента: <italic>in vitro</italic> исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6146-4470</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1458-1630</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shafigulin</surname><given-names>Rashid A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шафигулин</surname><given-names>Рашид Актасович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>rashid221@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0885-5994</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7346-1225</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Galyautdinova</surname><given-names>Alina E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галяутдинова</surname><given-names>Алина Эльвировна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>wiiskas15@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-143X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3574-8161</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharin</surname><given-names>Nikita V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харин</surname><given-names>Никита Вячеславович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nik1314@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8062-8733</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6866-7850</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bespalov</surname><given-names>Igor A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беспалов</surname><given-names>Игорь Алексеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>bespalovigora@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3707-6511</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9818-5421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Valeeva</surname><given-names>Ildaria K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валеева</surname><given-names>Илдария Хайрулловна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biol.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук</p></bio><email>valeeva.ildaria@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2415-1084</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8058-6246</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Boichuk</surname><given-names>Sergei V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойчук</surname><given-names>Сергей Василевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р. мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>boichuksergei@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4910-8835</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6579-8640</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhtyamov</surname><given-names>Ildar F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахтямов</surname><given-names>Ильдар Фуатович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>yalta60@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8554-2938</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2926-2436</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sachenkov</surname><given-names>Oskar A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саченков</surname><given-names>Оскар Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>4works@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan Federal (Volga Region) State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГАУЗ «Республиканская клиническая больница» Минздрава Республики Татарстан</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan Federal (Volga Region) State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГАУЗ «Республиканская клиническая больница» Минздрава Республики Татарстан</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-05-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>120</fpage><lpage>131</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-09"><day>09</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17670">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17670</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>Background.</italic></bold> Local therapy aimed to suppress infection of the osteoarticular apparatus is based on the use of coated spacers. As a rule, the coating surfaces are composed of bone cement supplemented with bioactive substances, e.g., antibiotics. However, current approaches aimed to stimulate the release of antibiotics from bone cement are not always effective and may even decrease their properties and biological activities.</p> <p><bold><italic>The aim of the study </italic></bold>— to examine the effect of the lattice structures of base implants on the dynamics and amount of antibiotics released from bone cement <italic>in vitro</italic>.</p> <p><bold><italic>Methods.</italic></bold> A novel type of implants with a lattice structure and traditional reinforced spacer filled with bone cement and antibiotic were used in present study. The release of vancomycin and cefazolin was measured spectrophotometrically for up to 30 days. Calibration curves were made according to the regression lines based on the values of the stock solutions with the well-known concentrations of the antibiotics.</p> <p><bold><italic>Results. </italic></bold>For all tested samples, the elution profile of antibiotics was determined and illustrated the significant release of the drugs during the initial time-period followed by the decrease (day 7) and reaching a uniform elution plateau (day 15). In all samples, the amount of released antibiotic did not exceed 1% of total amount of the drug present in the implant. Notably, the higher release of the antibiotics was found for the samples with lattice structure when compared with control group, despite the relatively higher initial amount of bone cement and antibiotics in control samples. A difference in the amount of antibiotics was also detected between the tested samples of two types of lattice structures.</p> <p><bold><italic>Conclusion. </italic></bold>The lattice structure of the implants increases the amount of antibiotic release from the bone cement and also facilitates the antibiotic dynamics release when compared to the traditional bone cement used as the reinforced spacers.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность. </bold>В основе локальной терапии при инфекции костно-суставного аппарата лежит использование спейсеров с нанесенным покрытием. Как правило, в состав покрытия входит костный цемент с активным веществом, чаще всего с антибиотиком. Существующие варианты стимуляции элюции антибиотика из костного цемента не всегда эффективны и могут даже ухудшать свойства цемента.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>— в эксперименте in vitro изучить влияние решетчатой структуры базовых имплантатов на динамику и количество элюции антибиотиков из костного цемента.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы.</bold> В эксперименте использовали новый вид имплантатов, имеющих решетчатую структуру, а также контрольный образец, имитирующий традиционный армированный спейсер, наполненный костным цементом с антибиотиком. Элюция ванкомицина и цефазолина измерялась спектрофотометрическим методом на сроках до 30 дней. Для построения калибровочных кривых строилась регрессионная прямая по данным, полученным из калибровочных растворов.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Во всех образцах получен профиль элюции антибиотика, характерный для исследуемых образцов костного цемента, а именно резкое высвобождение активного вещества в первые дни эксперимента с последующим угасанием (7-й день) и выходом на равномерное плато скорости элюции (15-й день). Во всех образцах количество высвобожденного лекарственного вещества составило не более 1% от массы импрегнированного препарата. В образцах, имеющих решетчатую структуру, количество выделенного антибиотика было выше, чем в контрольной группе, несмотря на относительно больший объем костного цемента и соответственно препарата в контрольных образцах. Разница в количестве выделенных антибиотиков была выявлена и между испытуемыми образцами двух видов решетчатых структур.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Решетчатая структура имплантатов позволяет повысить скорость и количество элюированного антибиотика из костного цемента по сравнению с традиционным вариантом использования костного цемента в качестве армированных спейсеров.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>osteomyelitis</kwd><kwd>bone cement</kwd><kwd>lattice implants</kwd><kwd>antibiotic elution</kwd><kwd>additive technologies</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>остеомиелит</kwd><kwd>костный цемент</kwd><kwd>решетчатые имплантаты</kwd><kwd>элюция антибиотиков</kwd><kwd>аддитивные технологии</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Академия наук Республики Татарстан</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Божкова С.А., Новокшонова А.А., Конев В.А. 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