<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17663</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/2311-2905-17663</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Complications of Osseointegrated Prostheses and Comparison of Quality of Life in Patients with Different Prosthetic Systems: A Review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Осложнения при использовании остеоинтегративных экзопротезов и сравнение качества жизни пациентов при различных системах протезирования: обзор литературы</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2619-3691</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7170-6994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinegub</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синегуб</surname><given-names>Андрей Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Tech.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук</p></bio><email>a.sinegub@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7843-6828</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalenko</surname><given-names>Denis А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваленко</surname><given-names>Денис Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>den.kovalencko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6030-6460</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5007-7607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chupryaev</surname><given-names>Victor А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чупряев</surname><given-names>Виктор Андреевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>v.chupryaev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3411-4172</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2651-4331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaenko</surname><given-names>Andrey N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаенко</surname><given-names>Андрей Николаевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>a.n.nikolaenko@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9562-6394</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisov</surname><given-names>Alexander P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисов</surname><given-names>Александр Павлович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>dr_borisov71@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">NewStep LLP</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «НьюСтеп»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» Минобороны России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Samara State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-04-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>178</fpage><lpage>189</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-22"><day>22</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-14"><day>14</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17663">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17663</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>Background. </italic></bold>Despite recent advances in medicine, the amputation rate remains quite high. Among civilians, vascular diseases (82%) and injuries (17%) are the main causes leading to disability. Half of the patients who have undergone amputation have difficulty using a traditional prosthetic socket (PS). An alternative to PS are osseointegrated (OI) prostheses that transmit loads through the bones, provide increased comfort and the possibility of fitting faulty and short stumps.</p> <p><bold><italic>The aim</italic></bold> — based on a literature review, to determine the mechanical and infectious complications rate of osseointegrated prosthetic systems and compare the quality of life in patients with osseointegrated prostheses and prosthetic in sockets.</p> <p><bold><italic>Methods. </italic></bold>The search for scientific publications was performed in Scopus, PubMed, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, and eLIBRARY databases using the keywords related to osseointegration and quality of life, from 2000 to 2024.</p> <p><bold><italic>Results. </italic></bold>Infections in the stoma area may develop in 11-67% of patients, with 5-8% of cases requiring surgical intervention. Use of ОI prostheses significantly improved functional indicators: the proportion of patients with a K-level ≥3 increased from 5 to 100%, and the results of the six-minute walk test increased from 292 to 448 meters. All indicators of quality of life according to the SF-36 scale improved, and the proportion of patients using the prosthesis for more than 13 hours a day increased from 43 to 95%. Osseointegrated prosthetics is superior to traditional methods in all Q-TFA indicators.</p> <p><bold><italic>Conclusions.</italic></bold> Osseointegrated implants improve patient’s perception of the prosthesis and feel like a part of the body rather than a prosthetic device compared to dentures with stump sleeves. Osseointegrated prosthetics is a promising technology, but requires further research and improvement of the soft tissue interface for wider application.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность. </bold>Несмотря на последние достижения медицины, уровень ампутаций остается высоким. Среди гражданских лиц сосудистые заболевания (82%) и травмы (17%) являются основными причинами, приводящими к инвалидности. Половина пациентов, перенесших ампутацию, испытывает трудности с использованием традиционной культеприемной гильзы (КГ). Альтернативу КГ представляют остеоинтегративные экзопротезы (ОЭ), передающие нагрузки через кости и обеспечивающие повышенный комфорт и возможность протезирования порочных и коротких культей.</p> <p><bold>Цель </bold>—<bold> </bold>на основе анализа литературы определить частоту механических и инфекционных осложнений остеоинтегративных систем протезирования и сравнить качество жизни пациентов, использующих остеоинтегративные экзопротезы и культеприемные гильзы.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы</bold>. Поиск научных публикаций выполняли в базах данных Scopus, PubMed, а также на платформах ResearchGate, Google Scholar и eLIBRARY по ключевым словам, связанным с остеоинтеграцией и качеством жизни, с 2000 по 2024 гг.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Инфекции в зоне стомы могут развиваться у 11–67% пациентов, при этом в 5–8% случаев требуется хирургическое вмешательство. Использование ОЭ значительно улучшило функциональные показатели: доля пациентов с уровнем K≥3 возросла с 5 до 100%, а результаты 6-минутного теста ходьбы увеличились с 292 до 448 метров. Отмечено повышение всех показателей качества жизни по шкале SF-36, а доля пациентов, использующих протез более 13 часов в день, возросла с 43 до 95%. Остеоинтегративное экзопротезирование превосходит традиционные методы по всем показателям Q-TFA.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Остеоинтегративные имплантаты улучшают восприятие пациентом протеза и ощущаются частью тела, а не ортопедическим изделием по сравнению с протезами с культеприемными гильзами. Остеоинтегративное экзопротезирование является многообещающей технологией, но требует дальнейшего исследования и улучшения мягкотканого интерфейса для более широкого применения.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>amputations</kwd><kwd>prosthetics</kwd><kwd>complications</kwd><kwd>osseointegration</kwd><kwd>prosthetic socket</kwd><kwd>osseointegrated prostheses</kwd><kwd>quality of life</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ампутации</kwd><kwd>протезирование</kwd><kwd>осложнения</kwd><kwd>остеоинтеграция</kwd><kwd>культеприемная гильза</kwd><kwd>остеоинтегративные экзопротезы</kwd><kwd>качество жизни</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Dillingham T.R., Pezzin L.E., MacKenzie E.J. Limb amputation and limb deficiency: epidemiology and recent trends in the United States. South Med J. 2002;95: 875-883. doi: 10.1097/00007611-200208000-00018.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Almohammadi A.A., Alnashri M.M., Abdulrahman T., Harun R., Alsamiri S.M., Alkhatib M.T. Pattern and type of amputation and mortality rate associated with diabetic foot in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A retrospective Cohort Study. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021;73:103174. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.103174.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Giurato L., Meloni M., Izzo V., Uccioli L. Osteomyelitis in diabetic foot: a comprehensive overview. World J Diabetes. 2017;8(4):135-142. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v8.i4.135.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Low E.E., Inkellis E., Morshed S. Complications and revision amputation following trauma-related lower limb loss. Injury. 2017;48(2):364-370. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2016.11.019.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Siracuse J.J., Farber A., Cheng T.W., Jones D.W., Kalesan B. Lower extremity vascular injuries caused by firearms have a higher risk of amputation and death compared with non-firearm penetrating trauma. J Vasc Surg. 2020;72(4):1298-1304.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.12.036.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Dudek N.L., Marks M.B., Marshall S.C., Chardon J.P. Dermatologic conditions associated with use of a lower-extremity prosthesis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;86(4):659-663. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2004.09.003.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Лёвкин В.Г., Лецкая О.А. Характеристика инвалидности вследствие травм и увечий, полученных в ходе Специальной военной операции, и реабилитационные мероприятия. Физическая и реабилитационная медицина. 2022;4(4):7-16. doi: 10.26211/2658-4522-2022-4-4-7-16. Levkin V.G., Letskaya O.A. Characteristics of disability due to injuries received during a special military operation and rehabilitation measures. Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. 2022;4(4):7-16. (In Russian). doi: 10.26211/2658-4522-2022-4-4-7-16.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Сусляев В.Г., Владимирова О.Н., Щербина К.К., Сокуров А.В., Жданов Ю.И., Чупряев В.А. Роль раннего протезирования в системе реабилитации военнослужащих вследствие военной травмы: организационные, юридические и методические аспекты. Вестник Российской Военно-медицинской академии. 2018;62(2): 40-47. doi: 10.17816/brmma12218. Suslyaev V.G., Vladimirova O.N., Shcherbina K.K., Sokurov A.V., Zhdanov Y.I., Chupryaev V.A. The role of early prosthetic help in the system of rehabilitation of the military personnel with military trauma: organizational, legal and methodical aspects. Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy. 2018;62(2): 40-47. (In Russian). doi: 10.17816/brmma12218.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Смирнова Л.М., Сусляев В.Г., Янковский В.М., Большаков В.А. Персонифицированный синтез протеза нижней конечности: требования к назначению амортизационных модулей со стратегией на импортозамещение. Физическая и реабилитационная медицина. 2023;3(3):8-19. doi: 10.26211/2658-4522-2023-5-3-8-19. Smirnova L.M., Suslyaev V.G., Yankovsky V.M., Bolshakov V.A. Personalized synthesis of lower prosthesis limbers: requirements for the purpose of shock absorber modules with a strategy for import substitution. Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. 2023;3(3):8-19. (In Russian). doi: 10.26211/2658-4522-2023-5-3-8-19.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Шурыгин К.Н., Матвеев Р.С., Ханбиков Б.Н. Проблемы адаптации пациентов различных возрастных групп к съемным протезам. Acta Medica Eurasica. 2023;2: 53-59. doi: 10.47026/2413-4864-2023-2-53-59. Shurygin K.N., Matveev R.S., Khanbikov B.N. Problems of adaptation to removable prostheses in patients of different age groups. Acta Medica Eurasica. 2023;2:53-59. (In Russian). doi: 10.47026/2413-4864-2023-2-53-59.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Thesleff A., Ludvigsson S., Ohr E., Ortiz-Catalan M. Load exposure of osseointegrated implants for transfemoral limb prosthesis during running. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2018;2018:1743-1746. doi: 10.1109/EMBC. 2018.8512592.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Hoellwarth J.S., Tetsworth K., Akhtar M.A., Al Muderis M. The Clinical History and Basic Science Origins of Transcutaneous Osseointegration for Amputees. Adv Orthop. 2022;2022: 7960559. doi: 10.1155/2022/7960559.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Madry H., Grässel S., Nöth U., Relja B., Bernstein A., Docheva D. et al. The future of basic science in orthopaedics and traumatology: Cassandra or Prometheus? Eur J Med Res. 2021;26(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s40001-021-00521-x.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Eshraghi A. Osman N.A., Gholizadeh H., Karimi M., Ali S. Pistoning assessment in lower limb prosthetic sockets. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2012;36(1):15-24. doi: 10.1177/0309364611431625.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Чупряев В.А., Кудяшев А.Л., Хоминец В.В., Бадалов В.И., Стрельба А.А. Особенности лечения раненых с ампутационными дефектами нижних конечностей в сочетании с переломами костей. Вестник Национального медико-хирургического центра им. Н.И. Пирогова. 2024;19(1):143-148. doi: 10.25881/20728255_2023 _19_1_143. Chupryaev V.A., Kudyashev A.L., Khominets V.V., Badalov V.I., Strelba A.A. Features of the treatment of wounded with amputation defects of the lower extremities in combination with bone fractures. Bulletin of Pirogov National Medical &amp; Surgical Center. 2024;19(1):143-148. (In Russian). doi: 10.25881/20728255_2023 _19_1_143.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Li Y., He L., Lu X., Du Q., Yu S., Huang X. Clinical Characteristics, Quality of Life, and Risk Factors of Amputation Stump Skin Disease and Stump Fungal Infection in Adult Amputees in Shanghai, China. Front Microbiol. 2022;13:868431. doi: 10.3389/fmicb. 2022.868431.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Hagberg K., Brånemark R. Consequences of non‐vascular trans‐femoral amputation: a survey of quality of life, prosthetic use and problems. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2001;25(3):186-194. doi: 10.1080 /03093640108726601.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Beeharry M.W., Walden-Smith T., Moqeem K. Limb Salvage vs. Amputation: Factors Influencing the Decision-Making Process and Outcomes for Mangled Extremity Injuries. Cureus. 2022;14(10):e30817. doi: 10.7759/cureus.30817.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Li Y., Brånemark R. Osseointegrated prostheses for rehabilitation following amputation: The pioneering Swedish model. Unfallchirurg. 2017;120(4):285-292. doi: 10.1007/s00113-017-0331-4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Jah F., Blöchle C., Aschoff H.H. Comparative analysis between bone-guided (endo-exo) prostheses and soft-tissue guided shaft prostheses for rehabilitation after thigh amputation, with special emphasis on its socio-economic aspects. J Surg Rehabil. 2019;1(1):2-9. doi: 10.31487j.JSR.2019.01.03.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Karimi M.T., Kavyani M., Mehrvar A. Osseointegration: A new approach to improve functional performance of prostheses – a systematic review of the literature. Current Orthopaedic Practice. 2024;35(6):229-236. doi: 10.1097/BCO.0000000000001275.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Banda R., Castillo J., Velez J.C. A case report: Transhumeral amputee treatment with osseointegrated prosthesis and rehabilitation. J Hand Ther. 2020;33(2): 263-268. doi: 10.1016/j.jht.2020.03.003.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>McMenemy L., Ramasamy A., Sherman K., Mistlin A., Phillip R., Evriviades D. et al. Direct Skeletal Fixation in bilateral above knee amputees following blast: 2 year follow up results from the initial cohort of UK service personnel. Injury. 2020;51(3):735-743. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2020.01.006.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Handford C., McMenemy L., Kendrew J., Mistlin A., Akhtar M.A., Parry M. et al. Improving outcomes for amputees: The health-related quality of life and cost utility analysis of osseointegration prosthetics in transfemoral amputees. Injury. 2022;53(12):4114-4122. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2022.10.007.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Overmann A.L., Forsberg J.A. The state of the art of osseointegration for limb prosthesis. Biomed Eng Lett. 2019;10(1):5-16. doi: 10.1007/s13534-019-00133-9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Hoellwarth J.S., Tetsworth K., Akhter M.A., Al Muderis M. Transcutaneous Osseointegration for Amputees: What Is It, How Did It Evolve, and What May Develop? Curr Phys Med Rehabil Rep. 2023;11:6-15. doi: 10.1007/s40141-023-00376-9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Black G.G., Jung W., Wu X., Rozbruch S.R., Otterburn D.M. A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Osseointegrated Prostheses for Lower Limb Amputees in the US Health Care System. Ann Plast Surg. 2022;88(3 Suppl 3):S224-S228. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000003183.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Al Muderis M., Lu W., Li J.J. Osseointegrated Prosthetic Limb for the treatment of lower limb amputations: Experience and outcomes. Unfallchirurg. 2017;120(4):306-311. doi: 10.1007/s00113-016-0296-8.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Al Muderis M., Khemka A., Lord S.J., Van de Meent H., Frölke J.P. Safety of Osseointegrated Implants for Transfemoral Amputees: A Two-Center Prospective Cohort Study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2016;98(11):900-909. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.15.00808.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Örgel M., Aschoff H.H., Sedlacek L., Graulich T. et al. Twenty-four months of bacterial colonialization and infection rates in patients with transcutaneous osseointegrated prosthetic systems after lower limb amputation – A prospective analysis. Front Microbiol. 2022;31(13):1002211. doi: 10.3389/ fmicb.2022.1002211.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Reetz D., Atallah R., Mohamedet J., van de Meent H., Frölke J.P.M., Leijendekkers R. Safety and performance of bone-anchored prostheses in persons with a transfemoral amputation: a 5-year follow-up study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2020;102(15):1329-1335. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.19.01169.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Tropf J.G., Potter B.K. Osseointegration for Amputees: Current State of Direct Skeletal Attachment of Prostheses. Orthop Surg. 2023;12:20-28. doi: 10.1016/j.orthop.2023.05.004.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Atallah R., Rutjes E., Frölke J.P.M., Leijendekkers R.A. Safety and performance of contemporary press-fit titanium osseointegration implants in lower extremity amputation: a five-year follow-up study. Bone Joint J. 2025;107-B(4):486-494. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.107B4.BJJ-2024-0754.R1.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Hagberg K., Brånemark R., Hägg O. Questionnaire for Persons with a Transfemoral Amputation (Q-TFA): initial validity and reliability of a new outcome measure. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2004;41(5):695-706. doi: 10.1682/JRRD.2003.11.0167.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><mixed-citation>Brånemark R.P., Hagberg K., Kulbacka-Ortizet K., Berlin Ö., Rydevik B. Osseointegrated Percutaneous Prosthetic System for the Treatment of Patients With Transfemoral Amputation: A Prospective Five-year Follow-up of Patient-reported Outcomes and Complications. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2019;27(16):e743-e751. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-17-00621.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>McGough R.L., Goodman M.A., Randall R.L., Forsberg J.A., Potter B.K., Lindsey B. The Compress® transcutaneous implant for rehabilitation following limb amputation. Unfallchirurg. 2017;120(4):300-305. doi: 10.1007/s00113-017-0339-9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><mixed-citation>Al Muderis M., Tetsworth K., Khemka A., Wilmot S., Bosley B., Lord S.J. et al. The Osseointegration Group of Australia Accelerated Protocol (OGAAP-1) for two-stage osseointegrated reconstruction of amputated limbs. Bone Joint J. 2016;98-B(7):952-960. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.98B7.37547.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><mixed-citation>Van de Meent H., Hopman M.T., Frölke J.P. Walking ability and quality of life in subjects with transfemoral amputation: a comparison of osseointegration with socket prostheses. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013;94(1):2174-2178. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2013.05.020.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><mixed-citation>Atallah R., Leijendekkers R.A., Hoogeboom T.J., Frölke J.P. Complications of bone-anchored prostheses for individuals with an extremity amputation: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2018;13(8):e0201821. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201821.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Hagberg K., Ghasemi Jahani S.A., Omar O., Thomsen Р. Osseointegrated prostheses for the rehabilitation of patients with transfemoral amputations: A prospective ten-year cohort study of patient-reported outcomes and complications. J Orthop Translat. 2023;38:56-64. doi: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.09.004.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><mixed-citation>Tillander J., Hagberg K., Berlin Ö., Hagberg L., Brånemark R. Osteomyelitis Risk in Patients With Transfemoral Amputations Treated With Osseointegration Prostheses. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2017; 475(12):3100-3108. doi: 10.1007/s11999-017-5507-2.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><mixed-citation>Reif T.J., Khabyeh-Hasbani N., Jaime K.M., Sheridan G.A., Otterburn D.M., Rozbruch S.R. Early Experience with Femoral and Tibial Bone-Anchored Osseointegration Prostheses. JBJS Open Access. 2021;6(3):e21.00072. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.OA.21.00072.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><mixed-citation>Juhnke D.L., Beck J.P., Jeyapalina S., Aschoff H.H. Fifteen years of experience with Integral-Leg-Prosthesis: Cohort study of artificial limb attachment system. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2015;52(4):407-420. doi: 10.1682/ JRRD.2014.11.0280.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B44"><label>44.</label><mixed-citation>Sinclair S., Beck J.P., Webster J., Agarwal J., Gillespie B., Stevens P. et al. The first FDA approved early feasibility study of a novel percutaneous bone anchored prosthesis for transfemoral amputees: a prospective 1-year follow-up cohort study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2022;103(11):2092-2104. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2022. 06.008.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B45"><label>45.</label><mixed-citation>Hagberg K., Ghassemi Jahani S.A., Kulbacka-Ortiz K., Thomsen P., Malchau H., Reinholdt C. A 15-year follow-up of transfemoral amputees with bone-anchored transcutaneous prostheses. Bone Joint J. 2020;102-B(1): 55-63. doi: 10.1302/0301620X.102B1.BJJ-2019-0611.R1.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B46"><label>46.</label><mixed-citation>Hoellwarth J.S., Tetsworth K., Oomatia A., Akhtar M.A., Xu H., Al Muderis M. Association Between Osseointegration of Lower Extremity Amputation and Mortality Among Adults. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(10):e2235074. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.35074.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B47"><label>47.</label><mixed-citation>Thesleff A., Brånemark R., Håkansson B., Ortiz-Catalan M. Biomechanical characterisation of bone-anchored implant systems for amputation limb prostheses: a systematic review. Ann Biomed Eng. 2018;46(3):377-391. doi: 10.1007/s10439-017-1976-4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B48"><label>48.</label><mixed-citation>Al Muderis M., Tan Y.C., Lu W., Tetsworth K., Axelrod D., Haque R. et al. Transtibial osseointegration following unilateral traumatic amputation: An observational study of patients with at least two years follow-up. Injury. 2024;55(6):111568. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111568.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B49"><label>49.</label><mixed-citation>Li Y., Felländer-Tsai L. The bone anchored prostheses for amputees – Historical development, current status, and future aspects. Biomaterials. 2021;273:120836. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120836.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B50"><label>50.</label><mixed-citation>Healy A., Farmer S., Eddison N., Allcock J., Perry T., Pandyan A. et al. A scoping literature review of studies assessing effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of prosthetic and orthotic interventions. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol. 2020;15(1):60-66. doi: 10.1080/17483107.2018.1523953.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B51"><label>51.</label><mixed-citation>Healy A., Farmer S., Pandyan A., Chockalingam N. A systematic review of randomised controlled trials assessing effectiveness of prosthetic and orthotic interventions. PLoS One. 2018;13(3):e0192094. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192094.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B52"><label>52.</label><mixed-citation>Al Muderis M., Lu W., Glatt V., Tetsworth K. Two-Stage Osseointegrated Reconstruction of Post-traumatic Unilateral Transfemoral Amputees. Mil Med. 2018;183(suppl 1):496-502. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usx185.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B53"><label>53.</label><mixed-citation>Atallah R., van de Meent H., Verhamme L., Frölke J.P., Leijendekkers R.A. Safety, prosthesis wearing time and health-related quality of life of lower extremity bone-anchored prostheses using a press-fit titanium osseointegration implant: a prospective one-year follow-up cohort study. PloS One. 2020;15(3):e0230027. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230027.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B54"><label>54.</label><mixed-citation>Brånemark R., Berlin O., Hagberg K., Bergh P., Gunterberg B., Rydevik B. A novel osseointegrated percutaneous prosthetic system for the treatment of patients with transfemoral amputation. Bone Joint J. 2014;96-B(1):106-113. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.96B1.31905.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B55"><label>55.</label><mixed-citation>Frossard L., Stevenson N., Sullivanet J., Uden M., Pearcy M. Categorization of activities of daily living of lower limb amputees during short-term use of a portable kinetic recording system: a preliminary study. J Prosthet Orthot. 2011;23(1):2-11. doi: 10.1097/JPO.0b013e318207914c.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B56"><label>56.</label><mixed-citation>van Eck C.F., McGough R.L. Clinical outcome of osseointegrated prostheses for lower extremity amputations: a systematic review of the literature. Curr Orthop Pract. 2015;26(4):349-357. doi: 10.1097/ВСО.00000000000 00248.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B57"><label>57.</label><mixed-citation>Kooiman V., van der Cruijsen J., Leijendekkers R., Verdonschot N., Solis-Escalante T., Weerdesteyn V. The influence of prosthetic suspension on gait and cortical modulations is persons with a transfemoral amputation: socket-suspended versus bone-anchored prosthesis. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2024;21(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s12984-024-01331-y.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B58"><label>58.</label><mixed-citation>Kooiman V., Haket L., Verdonschot N., Leijendekkers R., Weerdesteyn V. Oxygen consumption and gait dynamics in transfemoral bone anchored prosthesis users compared to socket prosthesis users: a cross-sectional study. Gait Posture. 2023;103:12-18. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.04.008.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B59"><label>59.</label><mixed-citation>Leijendekkers R.A., van Hinte G., Frölke J.P., van de Meent H., Atsma F., Nijhuis-van der Sanden M.W. et al. Functional performance and safety of bone-anchored prostheses in persons with a transfemoral or transtibial amputation: a prospective one-year follow-up cohort study. Clin Rehabil. 2019;33(3):450-464. doi: 10.1177/0269215518815215.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B60"><label>60.</label><mixed-citation>Vernice N.A., Askinas C.A., Black G.G., Truong A.Y., Reif T.J., Rozbruch S.R. et al. Osseointegration for Lower-Extremity Amputees. JBJS Rev. 2022;10(11): e22.00125. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.RVW.22.00125.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B61"><label>61.</label><mixed-citation>Örgel M., Aschoff H.H., Sedlacek L., Graulich T., Krettek C., Roth S. et al. Analysis of Stomal Bacterial Colonialization After Transcutaneous Osseointegrated Prosthetic Systems Surgery. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(7):e2223383. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.23383.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B62"><label>62.</label><mixed-citation>van Vliet-Bockting C., Atallah R., Frölke J.P.M., Leijendekkers R.A. How To Improve Patient Selection in Individuals With Lower Extremity Amputation Using a Bone-anchored Prosthesis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2025:10.1097. doi: 10.1097/CORR.0000000000003369.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B63"><label>63.</label><mixed-citation>Rehani M., Stafinski T., Round J., Jones C.A., Hebert J.S. Bone-anchored prostheses for transfemoral amputation: a systematic review of outcomes, complications, patient experiences, and cost-effectiveness. Front Rehabil Sci. 2024;5:1336042. doi: 10.3389/fresc.2024.1336042.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
