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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17647</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/2311-2905-17647</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Clinical studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Effectiveness of Vancomycin-Impregnated Bone Graft Substitutes for the Treatment of Chronic Osteomyelitis in Long Bones: Comparative Analysis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительный анализ эффективности костнопластических материалов, импрегнированных ванкомицином, при лечении хронического остеомиелита длинных костей</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9004-5952</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Antipov</surname><given-names>Alexander P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антипов</surname><given-names>Александр Павлович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>a.p.antipov@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2083-2424</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3086-3694</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bozhkova</surname><given-names>Svetlana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Божкова</surname><given-names>Светлана Анатольевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>clinpharm-rniito@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2326-7413</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordina</surname><given-names>Ekaterina M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордина</surname><given-names>Екатерина Михайловна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>emgordina@win.rniito.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7649-7576</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Afanasyev</surname><given-names>Alexander V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афанасьев</surname><given-names>Александр Витальевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>afanasyev1307@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6113-0277</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gadzhimagomedov</surname><given-names>Magomed S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаджимагомедов</surname><given-names>Магомед Шамильевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>orthopedist8805@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии им. Р.Р. Вредена» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-03-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-07"><day>07</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-21"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17647">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17647</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>Replacement of bone defects in the surgical treatment of chronic osteomyelitis is a key step to prevent recurrence of infection and potential fractures at the site of rehabilitation. Bone cement, biodegradable synthetic materials, as well as autologous, allogeneic, and xenogeneic bone tissue have become widespread in surgical practice. Giving these materials antibacterial properties will expand their use in the treatment of bone and joint infections, shorten the treatment time, and improve the patients’ quality of life.</p> <p><bold>The aim of the study</bold> — to analyze the mid-term results of the second stage of surgical treatment for chronic osteomyelitis in long bones, depending on the type of used vancomycin-impregnated bone graft material: an original biodegradable mineralized material based on allogeneic bone or a commercially available biocomposite material consisting of β-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite.</p> <p><bold>Methods. </bold>The study included 25 patients who underwent the second stage of surgical treatment for chronic osteomyelitis. After removal of the cement spacer, the defect was replaced in Group 1 (n = 14) with a biocomposite material ReproBone® Granules with the addition of vancomycin, while in Group 2 (n = 11) — with an original mineralized allograft impregnated with vancomycin. Laboratory tests, vancomycin concentration in the drainage fluid, and the presence of infection recurrence within 1-3 years after surgery were evaluated.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> The groups did not differ in gender, age, and duration of the disease. The volume of the cavity defect was significantly higher in Group 2 (50 ml vs 14 ml; p = 0.0004). The vancomycin concentration in the drainage fluid from the first day after surgery in Group 2 was more than 10 times higher than in Group 1 (p = 0.0300) and remained at a high level until the 5<sup>th</sup> day. Osteomyelitis recurrence was observed in 14% of patients in Group 1 and was absent in Group 2.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions. </bold>Standard approach to the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis using antimicrobial spacers does not ensure complete eradication of microbial pathogens that continue to persist in bone tissue. The original biodegradable mineralized bone graft material based on allogeneic bone creates significantly higher local vancomycin concentrations and demonstrates clinical efficacy in all applications.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность.</bold> Замещение костных дефектов при хирургическом лечении хронического остеомиелита является ключевым элементом для предотвращения рецидивов инфекции и потенциальных переломов в месте санации. Широкое распространение в хирургической практике получили костный цемент, биодеградируемые синтетические материалы, а также аутологичная, аллогенная и ксеногенная костные ткани. Придание таким материалам антибактериальных свойств позволит расширить их применение при лечении инфекции костей и суставов, сократить сроки лечения, улучшить качество жизни пациентов.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>— проанализировать среднесрочные результаты второго этапа хирургического лечения пациентов с хроническим остеомиелитом длинных костей в зависимости от типа используемого костнопластического материала, импрегнированного ванкомицином: оригинального биодеградируемого минерализованного материала на основе аллогенной кости или официнального биокомпозитного материала, состоящего из β-трикальцийфосфата и гидроксиапатита.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы. </bold>В исследование включены 25 пациентов, которым был выполнен второй этап хирургического лечения хронического остеомиелита. После удаления цементного спейсера пациентам группы 1 (n = 14) дефект замещали биокомпозитным материалом ReproBone® Granules с добавлением ванкомицина, пациентам группы 2 (n = 11) — оригинальным минерализованным аллотрансплантатом, импрегнированным ванкомицином. Оценивали показатели лабораторных исследований, концентрацию ванкомицина в дренажном отделяемом и наличие рецидивов инфекции в течение 1–3 лет после операции.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Группы не различались по полу, возрасту и длительности заболевания. Объем полостного дефекта был значительно больше в группе 2 (50 мл против 14 мл; p = 0,0004). Концентрация ванкомицина в дренажном отделяемом с первого дня после операции в группе 2 превышала более чем в 10 раз данный показатель в группе 1 (p = 0,0300) и сохранялась на высоком уровне до 5-го дня. Рецидивы остеомиелита наблюдались у 14% пациентов в группе 1 и отсутствовали в группе 2.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Стандартный подход к лечению хронического остеомиелита с использованием антимикробных спейсеров не обеспечивает полной эрадикации микробных возбудителей, которые продолжают персистировать в костной ткани. Оригинальный биодеградируемый минерализованный костнопластический материал на основе аллокости создает значительно более высокие локальные концентрации ванкомицина и демонстрирует клиническую эффективность во всех случаях применения.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic osteomyelitis</kwd><kwd>bone graft substitutes</kwd><kwd>vancomycin</kwd><kwd>allogeneic bone</kwd><kwd>local antibiotic therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический остеомиелит</kwd><kwd>костнопластические материалы</kwd><kwd>ванкомицин</kwd><kwd>аллогенная кость</kwd><kwd>локальная антибиотикотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство науки и высшего образования РФ</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Shree P., Singh C.K., Sodhi K.K., Surya J.N., Singh D.K. 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