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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17604</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/2311-2905-17604</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Theoretical and experimental studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Теоретические и экспериментальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Theoretical and experimental studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Morphological Assessment of Osseointegration of Titanium Implants with Ag- and Zn-Containing Calcium Phosphate Coatings</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Морфологическая оценка остеоинтеграции титановых имплантатов с Ag- и Zn-содержащими кальций-фосфатными покрытиями</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8182-5084</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maiborodin</surname><given-names>Igor V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Майбородин</surname><given-names>Игорь Валентинович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.),<italic> </italic>Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>imai@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5169-6373</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maiborodina</surname><given-names>Vitalina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Майбородина</surname><given-names>Виталина Игоревна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>imai@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4140-3531</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sheplev</surname><given-names>Boris V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шеплев</surname><given-names>Борис Валентинович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>imai@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5037-245X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharkeev</surname><given-names>Yuri P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаркеев</surname><given-names>Юрий Петрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci.<italic> </italic>(Phys.-Math.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р физ.-мат. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>sharkeev@ispms.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5741-6053</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sedelnikova</surname><given-names>Mariya B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Седельникова</surname><given-names>Мария Борисовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Tech.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>smasha5@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8997-7330</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlov</surname><given-names>Vitaliy V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлов</surname><given-names>Виталий Викторович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>pavlovdoc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8982-5516</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazlov</surname><given-names>Vyacheslav A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Базлов</surname><given-names>Вячеслав Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>sbazlov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9329-8373</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Anastasieva</surname><given-names>Evgeniya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анастасиева</surname><given-names>Евгения Андреевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>evgeniya.anastasieva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1516-7877</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimenko</surname><given-names>Maxim V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефименко</surname><given-names>Максим Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>pavlovdoc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1911-9741</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirilova</surname><given-names>Irina А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирилова</surname><given-names>Ирина Анатольевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>irinakirilova71@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9231-5891</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Korytkin</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корыткин</surname><given-names>Андрей Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>andrey.korytkin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Институт химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины» СО РАН</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Институт физики прочности и материаловедения» СО РАН</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. Ya.L. Tsivyan</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Новосибирский научно-исследовательский институт травматологии и ортопедии им. Я.Л. Цивьяна» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-02-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-12" publication-format="electronic"><day>12</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>85</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-08-27"><day>27</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-11-21"><day>21</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17604">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17604</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background<italic>. </italic></bold>The condition of the implant surface plays an important role in extending the service life of implants and metal structures in the human body.</p> <p><bold>The aim of the study<italic> </italic></bold>— to assess the effect of titanium implants with Ag- or Zn-containing calcium phosphate coatings on the surrounding bone tissue in experimental study.</p> <p><bold>Methods<italic>. </italic></bold>Using light microscopy, we studied the condition of bone tissue in the proximal tibia (PT) of rabbits 4 weeks after the implantation of 3D-printed titanium cone-shaped implants with Ag- or Zn-containing calcium phosphate coating.</p> <p><bold>Results<italic>. </italic></bold>In all cases, 3D-printed titanium implants with a rough surface integrated in the PT adhered very tightly to the bone tissue, the edges of which had minor cicatricial changes. Removal of the implants was difficult, and many tissue fragments remained on their surface. Small foreign fragments were present in the bone tissue samples examined. The sizes of foreign fragments were smaller after the use of silver ions, compared to the use of zinc ions, in both compact and cancellous bone by 84.4% (9.50±4.17 vs 17.78±7.95 μm) and 87.2% (11.21±10.68 vs 20.67±8.08 μm), respectively. In cancellous bone, the average diameter of the fragment groups and the average distance between the coating fragments or their groups were not statistically significantly different. In compact bone, they were 59.1% (155±35.98 vs 246.67±39.62 μm) and 21.2% (253.04±44.87 vs 308±50.85 μm) larger, respectively, after application of the Zn-containing coating.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions<italic>. </italic></bold>Surface-modified titanium implants have demonstrated a tendency to osseointegration, even when the coating is damaged with the formation of foreign fragments migrating into the surrounding tissues. It is possible that modifying the technique and modes of coating application, as well as varying their thickness, will enable the full realization of the positive properties of the modified surface, including the beneficial antimicrobial characteristics of silver and zinc.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность<italic>.</italic></bold> Для увеличения сроков функционирования имплантатов и металлоконструкций в организме человека немаловажную роль играет состояние поверхности имплантируемых конструкций.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования<italic> </italic></bold>— изучить влияние титановых имплантатов с кальций-фосфатным покрытием, содержащим ионы цинка или серебра, на окружающие костные ткани в эксперименте.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы<italic>. </italic></bold>Методами световой микроскопии изучали состояние костных тканей проксимального отдела большеберцовой кости (ПОБК) кроликов через 4 нед. после имплантации конусовидных титановых 3D-имплантатов с кальций-фосфатным покрытием, содержащим ионы цинка или серебра.</p> <p><bold>Результаты<italic>.</italic></bold> Во всех случаях имплантированные в ПОБК титановые 3D-имплантаты с шероховатой поверхностью плотно прилегали к костной ткани, имеющей незначительные рубцовые изменения в краевой зоне. Удаление имплантатов было затруднено, на их поверхности оставалось множество тканевых фрагментов. В исследованных образцах костной ткани присутствовали мелкие инородные фрагменты. Инородные фрагменты как в компактной, так и в губчатой кости оказались меньше по размеру после применения ионов серебра по сравнению с использованием ионов цинка на 84,4% (9,50±4,17 против 17,78±7,95 мкм) и 87,2% (11,21±10,68 против 20,67±8,08 мкм) соответственно. Средний диаметр групп фрагментов и среднее расстояние между фрагментами покрытия или их группами в губчатой костной ткани статистически значимо не различались, а в компактной были на 59,1% (155,00±35,98 против 246,67±39,62 мкм) и 21,2% (253,04±44,87 против 308,00±50,85 мкм) больше после нанесения покрытия с цинком соответственно.</p> <p><bold>Заключение<italic>. </italic></bold>Титановые имплантаты с модифицированной поверхностью продемонстрировали склонность к остеоинтеграции даже при повреждении покрытия с формированием инородных фрагментов, мигрирующих в окружающие ткани. Возможно, изменение подходов к технике и режимам нанесения покрытий и варьирование их по толщине позволит реализовать положительные свойства модифицированной поверхности в полном объеме, в том числе положительные антимикробные свойства серебра и цинка.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>intraosseous implantation</kwd><kwd>titanium implants</kwd><kwd>silver</kwd><kwd>zinc</kwd><kwd>calcium phosphate coating</kwd><kwd>connective tissue</kwd><kwd>bone tissue</kwd><kwd>foreign fragments</kwd><kwd>osseointegration</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внутрикостная имплантация</kwd><kwd>титановые имплантаты</kwd><kwd>серебро</kwd><kwd>цинк</kwd><kwd>кальций-фосфатное покрытие</kwd><kwd>соединительная ткань</kwd><kwd>костная ткань</kwd><kwd>инородные фрагменты</kwd><kwd>остеоинтеграция</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство РФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="zh">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>FWGN-2025-0019</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Velasco-Ortega E., Alfonso-Rodríguez C.A., Monsalve-Guil L., España-López A., Jiménez-Guerra A., Garzón I. et al. 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