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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17473</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/2311-2905-17473</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Clinical studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Femoral malalignment deformity acute correction and gradual limb-lengthening by bifocal osteosynthesis with a monorail external fixator</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Острая коррекция осевой деформации бедренной кости и постепенное удлинение нижней конечности методом бифокального остеосинтеза с использованием монолатерального внешнего фиксатора</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2070-9879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>Kunqi</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чжан</surname><given-names>Куньци</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="CN">China</country></address><email>zhangkunqiedu@163.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8411-1395</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yu</surname><given-names>Yifan</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юй</surname><given-names>Ифань</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="CN">China</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>yuyifan_study@163.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Feng</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ван</surname><given-names>Фэн</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="CN">China</country></address><email>fwang2014@sjtu.edu.cn</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9255-9854</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>Hanzhe</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чжан</surname><given-names>Ханьчжэ</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="CN">China</country></address><email>cheunghzz@163.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9794-008X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Li</surname><given-names>Shanyu</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ли</surname><given-names>Шаньюй</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="CN">China</country></address><email>shanyu_li@163.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8351-6841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Cao</surname><given-names>Yuting</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цао</surname><given-names>Юйтин</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="CN">China</country></address><email>cyting@163.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kang</surname><given-names>Qinglin</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кан</surname><given-names>Цинлинь</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="CN">China</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор</p></bio><email>orthokang@163.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4899-0715</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Xu</surname><given-names>Jia</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сюй</surname><given-names>Цзя</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="CN">China</country></address><email>xujia0117@126.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-09-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-02-21"><day>21</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-08-19"><day>19</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17473">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/17473</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>Patients with limb-length discrepancies often present with concomitant distal femoral varus or valgus deformities. With the development of distraction osteogenesis, both deformity correction and limb-lengthening can be performed simultaneously. This novel procedure is being increasingly preferred not only by experts due to the technical advance it implies, but also by patients.</p> <p><bold>The aim of this study</bold> was to identify the clinical efficacy of distal femoral malalignment deformity correction and gradual limb-lengthening by bifocal osteotomies.</p> <p><bold>Methods. </bold>We analyzed 32 femurs from 30 patients (mean age — 23.8 years) who had undergone bifocal osteotomies followed by the use of the monorail external fixator to correct the distal femoral malalignment deformity acutely and limb-length discrepancy gradually from June 2012 to May 2020. Pre-operative clinical and radiographic data were also obtained. During the follow-up period, deformity correction and bone healing were assessed, complications were identified, and functional outcomes were evaluated.</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>The mean follow-up period was 57.2 months for all the patients. The mean mechanical axis deviation improved from 66.4 mm pre-operatively to 7.5 mm. In patients with varus deformity, the mean mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA) decreased from 121.2° pre-operatively to 90.2° after surgery; whereas in patients with valgus deformity, the mean mLDFA improved from 59.2 to 87.1°. The magnitude of lengthening achieved averaged 6.3 cm, and the mean bone healing index was 34.8 days/cm. The final scores defined by the Association for the Study and Application of the Methods of Ilizarov (ASAMI)-Paley were excellent in 93.3% of patients.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> Acute correction of femoral deformities and gradual lengthening with a monorail external fixator following bifocal osteotomies can be used to treat femoral shortening and distal malalignment deformity. Functional and cosmetic improvements are expected after surgery and post-operative rehabilitation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Пациенты с неравной длиной нижних конечностей часто имеют сопутствующую варусную или вальгусную деформацию дистального отдела бедренной кости. Развитие дистракционного остеогенеза позволило одновременно выполнять коррекцию деформации и удлинение конечности. Этот передовой метод все чаще выбирают не только специалисты, но и сами пациенты.</p> <p><bold>Целью исследования</bold> было определить клиническую эффективность бифокальных остеотомий для коррекции деформации дистального отдела бедренной кости и постепенного удлинения конечности.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы.</bold> Мы проанализировали результаты лечения 30 пациентов (32 бедренные кости) со средним возрастом 23,8 лет, которым с июня 2012 г. по май 2020 г. была проведена бифокальная остеотомия с последующим наложением монолатерального внешнего фиксатора для острой коррекции осевой деформации дистального отдела бедренной кости и постепенного устранения разницы в длине конечностей. До операции были изучены клинические и рентгенологические данные. В послеоперационном периоде производилась оценка коррекции деформации, костного сращения и функциональных показателей, а также анализировались осложнения.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Средний период наблюдения составил 57,2 мес. для всех пациентов. Отклонение механической оси в среднем уменьшилось с 66,4 мм до 7,5 мм. У пациентов с варусной деформацией среднее значение механического латерального дистального бедренного угла (МЛДБУ) уменьшилось с 121,2° до операции до 90,2° после операции. У пациентов с вальгусной деформацией среднее значение МЛДБУ увеличилось с 59,2 до 87,1°. Удлинение составило в среднем 6,3 см, а средний индекс излечения — 34,8 дня/см. Функциональные результаты лечения, определяемые в соответствии со шкалой Ассоциации по изучению и применению аппарата и метода Илизарова (Paley/ASAMI), были признаны отличными у 93,3% пациентов.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Острая коррекция деформации бедренной кости и ее постепенное удлинение при помощи монолатерального внешнего фиксатора после бифокальной остеотомии могут применяться для лечения укорочения и дистальной осевой деформацией бедренной кости. Хирургическое лечение данной патологии и послеоперационная реабилитация позволяют добиться хороших косметического эффекта и функциональных результатов.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bifocal osteosynthesis</kwd><kwd>deformity correction</kwd><kwd>femoral lengthening</kwd><kwd>monorail external fixator</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бифокальный остеосинтез</kwd><kwd>коррекция деформации</kwd><kwd>удлинение бедренной кости</kwd><kwd>монолатеральный внешний фиксатор</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Youth Program</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Youth Program</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>2022YQ005</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Basic Scientific Research Cultivation Project of Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Basic Scientific Research Cultivation Project of Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>ynms202104</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">National Natural Science Foundation of China</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">National Natural Science Foundation of China</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>82072421</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Gugenheim J.J.Jr., Brinker M.R. 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