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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1392</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21823/2311-2905-2020-26-3-49-60</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Clinical studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparison of the Accuracy and Safety of Pedicle Screw Placement in Thoracic Spine Between 3D Printed Navigation Templates and Free Hand Technique</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительный анализ результатов имплантации транспедикулярных винтов в грудном отделе позвоночника с иcпользованием индивидуальных навигационных матриц и методики free hand</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7940-7086</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalenko</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваленко</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman A. Kovalenko — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Neurosurgeon, Department of Neurosurgery</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коваленко Роман Александрович — канд. мед. наук, врач-нейрохирург отделения нейрохирургии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><email>roman.kovalenko@my.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5765-3158</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ptashnikov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пташников</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii A. Ptashnikov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Spinal Pathology and Bone Oncology, Traumatology</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пташников Дмитрий Александрович — д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий отделением патологии позвоночника и костной онкологии травматологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><email>drptashnikov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6803-9954</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherebillo</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черебилло</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav Yu. Cherebillo — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Neurosurgery</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черебилло Владислав Юрьевич — д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой нейрохирургии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><email>cherebillo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0626-1565</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кашин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasilii A. Kashin — PhD Student, Department of Neurosurgery</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кашин Василий Андреевич — аспирант кафедры нейрохирургии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><email>va.k93@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии им. Р.Р. Вредена» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-09-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-03-12"><day>12</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-08-10"><day>10</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/1392">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/1392</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Relevance</bold>. Transpedicular spine fixation is considered the gold standard for posterior stabilization of the spine in various pathological processes. The most common implantation technique is the free hand method. But today the implantation with 3D printed individual navigation templates is gaining popularity. <bold>Purpose</bold> — to compare results of the pedicle screw placement in thoracic spine with application of 3D printed navigation templates by various design and free hand technique. <bold>Materials and Methods</bold>. Results of the three group of patients were analyzed based on postoperative CT. In group 1 (free hand) 112 screws were placed to 23 patients. In group 42 screws were placed to 11 patients using bilateral monosegmental navigation templates, in group 3 (13 patients, 42 screws) — using bilateral monosegmental templates with additional support on the spinous process. The safety of implantation was assessed and compared in all groups. In groups 2 and 3 the accuracy was also evaluated based on the difference between the planned and actual screws trajectory. <bold>Results</bold>. In group 1 safety grade 0 was registered in 66,96%, safety grade 1 in 18,75%, safety grade 2 — in 9,82%, safety grade 3 — in 4,46%. In group 2 grade 0 was registered in 85,71%, safety grade 1 — in 14,29%. In group 3 grade 0 — in 90,74%, safety grade 1 — in 9,26%. There were no cases of the cortical bone perforation for more than the half of the screw diameter in groups 2 and 3. The differences in the safety parameters are significant between free hand and both groups with application of the navigation templates. Assessment of the deviation hasn’t revealed significant difference depending on the type of the templates. <bold>Conclusion</bold>. The use of the individual navigation templates for pedicular screws implantation in the thoracic spine is safer than the free hand method (<italic>p</italic>&lt;0.05). Single-level bilateral matrices made by FDM technology from polylactide with support on a part of the dorsal vertebral structures make it possible to achieve the high implantation accuracy. Additional support on the spinous process does not lead to a statistically significant improvement in accuracy and safety indicators (<italic>p</italic>&lt;0.05), while requiring extended dissection and resection of the ligamentous elements.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность</bold>. Транспедикулярная фиксация позвоночника является «золотым» стандартом задней стабилизации позвоночника при различных патологических процессах. Самой распространенной техникой имплантации является метод «свободной руки» (free hand), однако на сегодняшний день все большую популярность приобретает метод имплантации с помощью индивидуальных навигационных матриц, изготовленных на 3D-принтере. <bold>Цель исследования</bold> — сравнить результаты имплантации винтов в грудном отделе позвоночника с иcпользованием 3D-навигационных матриц различного дизайна по сравнению с методикой free hand. <bold>Материал и методы</bold>. Проанализирована безопасность имплантации транспедикулярных винтов в грудном отделе позвоночника по методике free hand (группа 1, 23 пациента, 112 винтов) и с помощью индивидуальных навигационных матриц различного дизайна, созданных по технологии 3D-печати по данным предоперационной КТ (группы 2 и 3). Во второй группе (11 пациентов, 42 винта) установка осуществлялась с помощью билатеральных одноуровневых матриц, в третьей (13 пациентов, 54 винта) — с помощью билатеральных одноуровневых матриц с опорой на остистый отросток. Безопасность имплантации оценивалась и сравнивалась во всех группах по следующим критериям. В группе 2 и 3 также оценивалась точность имплантации по показателям разницы фактической и планируемой траектории винта. <bold>Результаты</bold>. В группе 1 степень безопасности 0 зарегистрирована в 67%, степень 1 18,8%, степень 2 — 9,8%, степень 3 — 4,5%. В группе 2 степень безопасности 0 зарегистрирована в 85,71%, в группе 1 — в 14,29%, в третьей — степень безопасности 0 в 90,74%, 1 — в 9,26%. Случаев перфорации кости более чем на половину диаметра винта в группах 2 и 3 не было. Различия в степени безопасности статистически значимы между методом free hand (группа 1) и навигационными матрицами (группа 2 и 3). Анализ девиации не показал значимых различий в группах с использованием навигационных матриц. <bold>Заключение</bold>. Применение индивидуальных навигационных матриц для имплантации транспеликулярных винтов в грудном отделе позвоночника является более безопасным методом по сравнению с методом free hand. Показатели точности и безопасности имплантации не отличаются при использовании билатеральных матриц и матриц с опорой на остистый отросток.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>3D printing</kwd><kwd>navigation</kwd><kwd>transpedicular fixation</kwd><kwd>navigation template</kwd><kwd>thoracic spine</kwd><kwd>free hand technique</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>3D-печать</kwd><kwd>навигация</kwd><kwd>транспедикулярная фиксация</kwd><kwd>матрица навигационный шаблон</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. 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