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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1303</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21823/2311-2905-2019-25-3-100-111</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Clinical studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Outcomes of Surgical Treatment of High-Grade Spondylolisthesis (Monocenter Cohort and Literature Review)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Результаты хирургического лечения спондилолистеза тяжелой степени (анализ моноцентровой когорты и обзор литературы)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabykh</surname><given-names>S. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябых</surname><given-names>С. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Clinic for Spinal Pathology and Rare Diseases</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, руководитель клиники патологии позвоночника и редких заболеваний,</p><p>Курган</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savin</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савин</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Traumatology and Orthopedic Department, Clinic of Spinal Pathology and Rare Diseases</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, заведующий травматолого-ортопедическим отделением, клиника патологии позвоночника и редких заболеваний</p><p>Курган</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Filatov</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филатов</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orthopedic Surgeon, Traumatology and Orthopedic Department, Clinic of Spinal Pathology and Rare Diseases</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>травматолог-ортопед, клиника патологии позвоночника и редких заболеваний</p><p>Курган</p></bio><email>filatov@ro.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotelnikov</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котельников</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD Student</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p><p>Курган</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sayfutdinov</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сайфутдинов</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Leading Researcher, Clinical Neurophysiology Group, Scientific Clinical Experimental Laboratory of Axial Skeleton Pathology and Neurosurgery</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник группы клинической нейрофизиологии научной клинико-экспериментальной лаборатории патологии осевого скелета и нейрохирургии</p><p>Курган</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center „Restorative Traumatology and Orthopedics“</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГбу «Российский научный центр “Восстановительная травматология и ортопедия” им. акад. Г.А. Илизарова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-10-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>100</fpage><lpage>111</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-10-17"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-10-17"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/1303">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/1303</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Purpose</bold> — to evaluate outcomes of surgical treatment for high-grade spondylolisthesis using bone-disc-bone osteotomy, reduction and fixation through the dorsal approach. <bold>Materials and Methods</bold>. The authors retrospectively examined a monocenter five-year cohort (IV level of evidence). The study included 10 patients aging from 7 to 22 years (Me — 12 years, M±m — 13.1±4.1 years) who underwent surgery due to high-grade spondylolysis antelisthesis in the period from 2012 to 2017. Displacement was located in L5-S1 segments and corresponded to types 4-6 by AO Spine SDSG classification in all patients. Catamnesis was followed for the period from 1 to 5 years. Surgical procedures included bone-disc-bone osteotomy, L5 reduction and dorsal instrumental multi-bearing (from 2 to 5 spinal motion segments) using reduction transpedicular screws. The following parameters were evaluated: pain syndrome prior and after surgery, sagittal balance, spondylolisthesis mobility on the functional x-rays or CYs, severity grade of anterior spondylolysis, criteria of spontaneous muscular activity and MEPs as well as structure of postoperative complications. <bold>Results</bold>. L5 displacement prior to surgery was 92.6±25.2%, after surgery — 25.4±16.6% (Z = -2.805, p = 0.005). Patients with sagittal imbalance demonstrated normalization after the surgery allowing to re-classify pathology as “balanced spondylolisthesis”: PI from 67.9±8.6 to 67.5±8.7 (Z = 0,000, p = 1,000), PT from 26.8±13.3 to 20.1±7.1 (Z = -2,090, p = 0.037), SS from 41.3±8.7 to 47.3±9.7 (Z = -1.886, p = 0.059), SA from 34.9±36.3° to 8.6±7.1° (Z = -2.803, p = 0.005). 3 cases of transient L5 radiculopathy with full regress after conservative 6 months’ treatment were reported in the early follow up period (on day 3 after procedure). Pain syndrome dynamics on VAS scale prior to and after the surgery were as follows: spine 8.1±1.0 and 0.5±0.5 (Z = -2.814, p = 0.005), lower limbs 6.8±1.5 and 0.4±0.7 (Z = -2.812, p = 0.005), respectively. Life quality indices by SRS-24 score prior to and after the surgery were 62.6±7.9 and 90.7±12.4 (Z = -2.803, p = 0.005). Mobility of spondylolisthesis was observed in 9 patients. Spondylolisthesis severity by Bridwell classification in late period scored from 1 to 3 points. <bold>Conclusion</bold>. Use of AO Spine SDSG classification along with assessment of sagittal balance as well as severity of neurological deficit and pain syndrome allow to define the severity grade of spondylolisthesis, while normalization of parameters after the surgery speaks for positive treatment outcome. Extensive release during bone-disc-bone osteotomy at L5-S1 level along with altering tilt angle of the sacrum is the key factor for mobilization and radical correction of pelvic balance in high-grade spondylolisthesis. Outcomes of surgical treatment in the analyzed cohort demonstrate significant improvement in life quality (by SRS-24 score) and reduced pain syndrome (by VAS) in patients. At the same time precise compliance to the procedure protocol and intraoperative neuro-monitoring of MEPs allow to decrease risk of complications. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> — оценить результаты хирургического лечения тяжелой степени спондилолистеза с применением bone-disk-bone остеотомии, редукции и фиксации из дорсального доступа. <bold>Материал и методы</bold>. Ретроспективно изучена моноцентровая 5-летняя когорта (IV уровень доказательности). В исследование вошли 10 пациентов в возрасте от 7 до 22 лет (Me — 12 лет, M±m — 13,1±4,1 лет), которым выполнено хирургическое лечение при спондилолизных антелистезах тяжелой степени в период с 2012 по 2017 г. У всех пациентов смещение локализовалось в сегменте L5-S1 и соответствовало 4–6 типам по классификации AO Spine SDSG. Катамнез прослежен в сроки от 1 года до 5 лет. Хирургическое вмешательство включало в себя выполнение bone-disc-bone остеотомии, репозицию L5 и заднюю инструментальную многоопорную (от 2 до 5 ПДС) фиксацию с использованием редукционных транспедикулярных винтов. Оценивали болевой синдром до и после операции, параметры позвоночно-тазового баланса, мобильность спондилолистеза по функциональным рентгеновским исследованиям или функциональному КТ, выраженность переднего спондилодеза, показатели спонтанной активности мышц и вызванных МВП и структуру послеоперационных осложнений. <bold>Результаты</bold>. Смещение L5 позвонка до операции — 92,6±25,2%, после операции — 25,4±16,6% (Z = -2,805, p = 0,005). У пациентов с дисбалансированными позвоночно-тазовыми параметрами после операции отмечена их нормализация с переводом значений патологии в категорию «сбалансированный спиндололистез»: PI с 67,9±8,6 до 67,5±8,7 (Z = 0,000, p = 1,000), PT с 26,8±13,3 до 20,1±7,1 (Z = -2,090, p = 0,037), SS с 41,3±8,7 до 47,3±9,7 (Z = -1,886, p = 0,059), SA с 34,9±36,3° до 8,6±7,1° (Z = -2,803, p = 0,005). В раннем послеоперационном периоде (на 3-и сутки) зарегистрированы 3 случая транзиторной радикулопатии L5, с полным регрессом на фоне проводимого консервативного лечения в течение 6 мес. Динамика болевого синдрома по шкале BAS до и после операции: спина 8,1±1,0 и 0,5±0,5 (Z = -2,814, p = 0,005), нижние конечности 6,8±1,5 и 0,4±0,7 (Z = -2,812, p = 0,005) соответственно. Показатели качества жизни по шкале SRS-24 до и после операции: 62,6±7,9 и 90,7±12,4 (Z = -2,803, p = 0,005). Мобильность спондилолистеза была определена у 9 пациентов. Выраженность спондилодеза по шкале Bridwell в отдаленном периоде составила от 1 до 3 баллов. <bold>Заключение.</bold> Использование классификации AO Spine SDSG с оценкой параметров сагиттального баланса, а также выраженность неврологического дефицита и болевого синдрома позволяют определить степень тяжести спондилолистеза, а нормализация значений этих параметров говорит о положительном результате лечения. Применение широкого релиза в объеме bone-disc-bone остеотомии на уровне L5-S1 с девиацией крестца (изменение угла наклона крестца) является ключевым фактором мобилизации и радикальной коррекции параметров тазового баланса при тяжелом спондилолистезе у детей и подростков. Результаты оперативного лечения в анализируемой когорте показывают значительное улучшение качества жизни (по шкале SRS-24) и снижение интенсивности болевого синдрома (по шкале VAS), а четкое соблюдение протокола операции, интраоперационный нейромониторинг МВП позволяют сократить вероятность осложнений.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lumbar spine</kwd><kwd>high-grade spondylolisthesis</kwd><kwd>malformation</kwd><kwd>bone-disc-bone osteotomy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>поясничный отдел позвоночника</kwd><kwd>спондилолизный антелистез</kwd><kwd>спондилолистез тяжелой степени</kwd><kwd>пороки развития</kwd><kwd>остеотомия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">государственное бюджетное финансирование</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Agabegi S.S., Fischgrund J.S. 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