Traumatology and Orthopedics of RussiaTraumatology and Orthopedics of RussiaТравматология и ортопедия России2311-29052542-0933Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics12110.21823/2311-2905-2015-0-1-106-115ReviewsОбзорыReviewsCurrent principles and trends of using axial pattern flaps in reconstructive surgery of the extremitiesСовременные принципы и тенденции использования осевых кровоснабжаемых лоскутов в реконструктивной хирургии конечностейKutyanovD. I.КутяновД. И.
Russian Federation
kutianov@rambler.ruRodomanovaL. A.РодомановаЛ. А.
Russian Federation
afar_kav@mail.ruVreden Russian Research Institute of Traumatology and OrthopedicsФГБУ «Российский научно-исследовательский институт травматологии и ортопедии им. Р.Р. Вредена» Минздрава РоссииVreden Russian Research Institut of Traumatology and OrtopedicsФГБУ «Российский научно-исследовательский институт травматологии и ортопедии им. Р.Р. Вредена» Минздрава РоссииNort-Western State Medical UniversityГБОУ ВПО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России12042015211106115120920162015https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/121

On the basis of published data, we identified and analyzed current principles and trends of using axial pattern tissue complexes in patients with limb defects, depending on the nature and localization of the defect, and also objectives of reconstructive surgery. Today, there are three closely related trends. The most important one is to reduce injury caused by intervention; this results in using non-free island flaps instead of the widespread use of free perfused tissue complexes. The second trend is aimed at obtaining the most favorable functional results in treating defects of the covering structures relative to similar defects of bones and muscle-tendon units. The third trend is minimizing the negative aesthetic results.

На основании данных научной литературы выделены и проанализированы современные принципы и тенденции использования осевых кровоснабжаемых комплексов тканей у больных с дефектами конечностей в зависимости от их характера и локализации, а также стоящих реконструктивных задач. На сегодняшний день существует три тесно связанные между собой тенденции. Важнейшая из них заключается в снижении травматичности вмешательств, что выражается в отказе от широкого применения свободной пересадки кровоснабжаемых тканевых комплексов в пользу несвободной пластики островковыми лоскутами. Вторая тенденция преследует цель получения наиболее благоприятных функциональных результатов при дефектах покровных структур относительно аналогичной патологии костей и мышечно-сухожильного аппарата. Третья выражается в минимизации негативных эстетических результатов.

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