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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Травматология и ортопедия России</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2311-2905</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2542-0933</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1176</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21823/2311-2905-2019-25-1-68-76</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Clinical studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">„Ischemic“ Distraction Regenerate: Interpretation, Definition, Problems and Solutions</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>«Ишемический» дистракционный регенерат: толкование, определение, проблемы, варианты решения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Borzunov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борзунов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry Yu. Borzunov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), deputy director for Scientific Work, Federal State Budgetary Institution, RISC «Restorative Traumatology and orthopaedics»; professor of the Department of Traumatology, orthopaedics and Military Surgery, TSMU.</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p/><p>Дмитрий Юрьевич Борзунов — доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заместитель директора по научной работе РНЦ ВТО им. Акад. Г.А. Илизарова; профессор кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и военно-полевой хирургии, ТГМУ.</p>Тюмень </bio><email>borzunov@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shastov</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шастов</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p/><p>Alexander L. Shastov — cand. Sci. (Med.), researcher, Scientific Laboratory of Purulent osteology.</p>Kurgan</bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Леонидович Шастов — кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник научной лаборатория клиники гнойной остеологии.</p><p>Курган</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center «Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Российский научный центр „Восстановительная травматология и ортопедия “ им. акад. Г.А. Илизарова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tyumen State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Тюменский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-05-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>05</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-05-09"><day>09</day><month>05</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-05-09"><day>09</day><month>05</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/1176">https://journal.rniito.org/jour/article/view/1176</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The <bold>purpose</bold> of the study was to define «ischemic» distraction regeneration which happens during the compromised course of distraction osteogenesis and to show the effectiveness of the mechanical action on such regenerates in patients with bone defects and pseudarthrosis.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. Seventeen patients with long bone defects (forearm and lower leg) were successfully treated. They had compromised distraction osteogenesis during the transosseous osteosynthesis stages and developed ischemic regenerates. The mean size of the defects relative to the contralateral segment in the forearm bones was 22.3% and 20% in patients with defects in the lower leg bones. Mechanical stimulation of compromised bone formation was used by means of compression and compaction of problematic distraction regenerates with two techniques. In group I, an additional osteotomy of the fragment under lengthening was performed. In group II, regenerates were compacted to the height of the regenerate connective tissue layer until its bony parts contacted. We used descriptive statistics methods.</p><p><bold>Results.</bold> The process of bone tissue formation restored in all patients due to the mechanical impact on the zones of compromised distraction osteogenesis, and its complete organotypic remodeling followed.</p><p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>Based on clinical and radiological signs of a compromised course of distraction osteogenesis, the notion of «ischemic regenerate» was defined and its manifestations were described. A retrospective analysis of the results of mechanical action on compromised distraction regenerates through compression and compaction without a change in the osteosynthesis technology shows its effectiveness.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> — дать определение и толкование «ишемического» дистракционного регенерата, формирующегося при компрометированном течении дистракционного остеогенеза и оценить эффективность механического воздействия на регенерат у пациентов с костными дефектами и ложными суставами.</p><p><bold>Материал и методы</bold>. Были успешно пролечены 17 пациентов с дефектами длинных костей предплечья и голени, имевших на этапах чрескостного остеосинтеза осложнение в виде нарушения дистракционного остеогенеза с формированием «ишемического» регенерата. Средняя величина дефектов составила 22,3% (у пациентов с дефектами костей предплечья) и 20% (у пациентов с дефектами костей голени) по отношению к контралатеральному сегменту. При лечении пациентов применяли механическую стимуляцию костеобразования посредством компрессии и компактизации проблемных дистракционных регенератов c использованием двух методик. В I группе пациентов выполняли дополнительную остеотомию удлиняемого отломка. Во II группе компактизировали регенераты на высоту соединительнотканной прослойки до контакта костных отделов регенерата. В работе были использованы методы описательной статистики.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> У всех пациентов в результате механического воздействия на зоны компрометированного течения дистракционного остеогенеза удалось восстановить процесс новообразования костной ткани, претерпевшей в дальнейшем полную органотипическую перестройку.</p><p><bold>Заключение</bold>. На основании клинико-рентгенологических признаков компрометированного течения дистракционного остеогенеза предложено определение и толкование понятия «ишемический регенерат». Выполненный ретроспективный анализ результатов механического воздействия посредством компрессии и компактизации компрометированных дистракционных регенератов без смены технологии остеосинтеза свидетельствует о его эффективности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>«ischemic» distraction regeneration</kwd><kwd>transosseous osteosynthesis</kwd><kwd>bone defect</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>«ишемический» регенерат</kwd><kwd>чрескостный остеосинтез</kwd><kwd>костные дефекты</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «РНЦ „ВТО“ им. акад. Г.А. Илизарова» Минздрава России, государственное задание на осуществление научных исследований и разработок «Оптимизация лечебного процесса у больных с ортопедо-травматологической патологией, осложненной и неосложненной гнойной инфекцией, разработка новых патогенетически обоснованных способов хирургического лечения, направленных на комплексное восстановление анатомо-функционального состояния конечности, общего гомеостаза и стойкое подавление гнойно-воспалительных явлений»</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1.	Green S.A., Jackson J.M., Wall D.M., Marinow H., Ishkanian J. Management of segmental defects by the Ilizarov intercalary bone transport method. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1992;(280):136-142.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>2.	Tsuchiya H., Tomita K. Distraction osteogenesis for treatment of bone loss in the lower extremity. J Orthop Sci. 2003;8(1):116-124. 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